Ethanol production strategy was studied using multiple strain microbes from microwave irradiation (MI) pretreated sago waste. Sago waste (SW) was MI-pretreated for reducing sugars production using 2 heating media (water and sulfuric acid) under pretreatment conditions including MI power, pretreatment duration, and solid loading. When water was used, the pretreatment parameters were optimized us...

introduction: this study aimed to evaluate the dentin-sealer interface in three different sealers using scanning electron microscopy (sem). methods and materials: thirty extracted human single-rooted teeth were prepared using protaper rotary files and were randomly divided into three groups ( n =10) including bc sealer, ah-plus and dorifill. the root canals were filled with cold lateral condens...

introduction: the aim of this study was to verify the effect of alternating 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (naocl) and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (edta) on the smear layer removal from root canal surfaces. methods and materials: a total of 15 single-rooted human teeth, instrumented with protaper files, were randomly distributed in 3 groups. in group 1 ( n =7) the canals were irrigated with 1...

various compounds have been used for microencapsulating of fish oilso far, but in thiswork for the first time, inulin and casein which are both known for their functional properties, were used as the coating materialof fish oil.this study aimed to investigate the properties of nano-emulsions (droplet size measurements and ph) based on changes in the concentration and type of wall and their effe...

introduction: this study aimed to assess the scanning electron microscope (sem) analysis of tooth surface irradiated by erbium:yttrium–aluminum–garnet (er:yag) laser with various parameters. methods: number of 25 extracted human third molars free of caries were used in this study. the teeth were put into 5 groups for laser irradiation as follows: group 1 (power: 0.5 w, energy: 50 mj); group 2 (...

background and objectives: biological scaffold resources composed of extracellular matrix (ecm) have been shown to make easy the practical remodeling of various tissues in both animal and human studies. the goal of current study was to make sheet form of ecm from sheep’s urinary bladder. methods: ecm was extracted from sheep’s urinary bladder according to standard method. scanning electron mic...

the normal and lateral line cycloid scales of the native species garra rossica (nikol’skii, 1900), one of the most common and poorly known cyprinid fish in south-eastern iran have been subjected to the scanning electron microscopy technique in order to study their detailed structure. normal scale below the dorsal fin showed a clearcut demonstration between the anterior and posterior region with...

the aim of the present study was to investigate the light and electron microscopic structure of the tongue in white-eared bulbul (pycnonotus leucotis). six adult white-eared bulbul (3 males and 3 females) in shahrekord district were used in the investigation. samples of the apex, body and root of the tongue were prepared routinely for light and electron microscopic study. results showed that th...