Human mathematicians often "prove" theorems by the use of diagrams and manipulations on them. We call these diagrammatic proofs. rn (Jamnik, Bundy, & Green 1997) we presented how "informal" reasoning with diagrams can be automated. Three stages of proof extraction procedure were identified. First, concrete rather than general diagrams are used to prove particular instances of the universally qu...

(1) Diagrams constitutes a basic type in the classification of the different representational forms based on relations of similarity (i.e. iconic signs). According to C. S. Peirce, there are three basic types of iconic signs: pictures, diagrams and metaphors. Peirce asserted that "all necessary reasoning is diagrammatic" and that "necessary reasoning makes its conclusions evident" by a construc...

Introduction In the early 1600s, Galileo Galilei turned a telescope toward Jupiter. In his log book each night, he drew to-scale schematic diagrams of Jupiter and some oddly-moving points of light near it. Galileo labeled each drawing with the date. Eventually he used his observations to conclude that the Earth orbits the Sun, just as the four Galilean moons orbit Jupiter. History shows Galileo...

1 Critical realism theory 2 Acronym 3 Alternate name(s) 4 Main dependent construct(s)/factor(s) 5 Main independent construct(s)/factor(s) 6 Concise description of theory 7 Diagram/schematic of theory 8 Originating author(s) 9 Seminal articles 10 Originating area 11 Level of analysis 12 IS articles that use the theory 13 Links from this theory to other theories 14 External links 15 Original Cont...

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Abstract Make an equivalent transformation of the equations state for a class Jerk systems, its chaotic dynamics behavior was analyzed. According to equation state, schematic diagram circuit system designed, and simulated experimented with Multisim software, corresponding two-dimensional phase time domain waveform appeared, which explained feasibility simulating Multisim, effective experimental...

Many benefits have been claimed for visualizations, a general assumption being that learning is facilitated. However, several researchers argue that little is known about the cognitive value of graphical representations, be they schematic visualizations, such as diagrams or more realistic, such as virtual reality. The study reported in the paper investigated whether the type of visualization (s...

A model to study two-proton emission processes induced by electron scattering is developed. The process is induced by one-body electromagnetic operators acting together with short-range correlations, and by two-body ∆ currents. The model includes all the diagrams containing a single correlation function. A test of the sensitivity of the model to the various theoretical inputs is done. An invest...

Technical and economic aspects of the viability of SIRES (Smart Integrated Renewable Energy Systems) for sustainable development of remote and rural areas of the world are discussed. The hallmark of the proposed SIRES is the smart utilization of several renewable resources in an integrated fashion and matching of resources and needs a priori with the ultimate goal of “energization”, not just “e...