current approaches to the analysis of internal combustion engines are no longer merely based on the first law of thermodynamics and are conducted from the second law either. the evaluation of processes by the first law cannot provide a sophisticated insight into the issue. so, due to the necessity of having a detailed perspective of the losses in different thermodynamic processes, a useful meth...

This paper presents a simple model of search and matching between consumers and firms. The firm size distribution has a Pareto-like right tail if the population of consumers grows at a positive rate and the mean rate at which incumbent firms gain customers is also positive. This happens in equilibrium when entry is sufficiently costly. As entry costs grow without bound, the size distribution ap...

Disclosure by firms would seem to reduce the informational asymmetry that causes investment inefficiency in firms. However, the effect of disclosure is subtle, especially when the link between disclosure and firm value is endogenous and depends on incentives within the firm. We analyze various disclosure regimes and determine which ones are effective in a model with optimal renegotiationproof c...

777 Thinking Coherently About the Second Law The efficiency of heat engines has been limited by the Carnot cycle, which states that the efficiency cannot exceed 1 – Tc/Th, where Tc and Th are the absolute temperatures of the cold and hot reservoirs feeding the engine. Scully et al. (p. 862; see the Perspective by Linke) show how this limiting efficiency can be beaten with a coherent heat source...

Given individual propensities to cheat (stealing, overcharging, etc.), the optimality conditions for the amount of resources devoted to law enforcement and for the severity o f penalties on convicted cheats are derived. In some interesting cases, the optimal penalty equals the market price divided by the probability of conviction and it is optimal to spend very little on enforcement and impose ...

the exergy analysis is a proper method for performance evaluation of industrial systems. a generic and detailed analysis of the gpcss on the second gas pipeline of iran  is made by the means of exergy. the two main improvement measures of fuel pre-heating and steam injection technologies are presented for the current conventional stations. steady state equations regarding the second law of ther...