CYP3A4 probably has the broadest catalytic activity of any cytochrome P450. It is a crucial task to test new drug candidates in a reliable system for their ability to induce expression of this enzyme. Firstly, a total of 300 bp core distal enhancer of CYP3A4 XREM region (-7972/-7673) were amplified from human genomic DNA. The PCR product was then ligated into a human secretory alkaline phosphat...

The structure of secretory cells and granules has been described in the mouse Fallopian tube during sexual maturation and oestrous cycle. The oviducts of newborn mice were lined with a simple columnar epithelium in which only tall indifferent cells of uniform appearance were present. In some of these cells, marks of ciliogenesis were observed. The occurrence of secretory cells showing proteosyn...

It has frequently been proposed that while the constitutive secretory pathway is present in all cells, the regulated secretory pathway is found only in specialized cells such as neuronal, endocrine, or exocrine types. In this study we provide evidence that suggests that this distinction is not as restrictive as proposed. We have identified a population of post-Golgi storage vesicles in several ...

Abstract In human cells, one third of all polypeptides enter the secretory pathway at ER. This process involves N-terminal signal peptides or internal transmembrane helices in precursors and hundred cytosolic ER proteins, which facilitate their import processing. past fifty years four pathways for targeting to Sec61 channel plus various allosteric effectors supporting stand alone membrane prote...

Endocrine and endothelial cells of the anterior pituitary gland frequently make close appositions or contacts, and the secretory granules of each endocrine cell tend to accumulate at the perivascular regions, which is generally considered to facilitate secretory functions of these cells. However, three-dimensional relationships between the localization pattern of secretory granules and blood ve...

VP2 gene coding region of a vaccinal strain (D78) of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) was clonedin a eukaryotic expression vector, pSec Tag2A. The gene was placed downstream of Ig κ chain leadersequence, under the control of human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) immediate early enhancer and promoter. Theconstruct pSec Tag2A-VP2 was transfected in COS-7 cell line and the expression and secretion of...

The glycoconjugate components of secretory granules were analyzed in cells of mucous glands in ventral skin from Rana fuscigula. The analysis was done with standard histochemical methods on semithin glycol methacrylate-embedded tissues. The staining patterns in semithin sections were comparable to those using paraffin-embedded tissue while the cytological detail was better preserved. The mucous...

Secretory proteins and extracellular glycans are transported to the extracellular space during cell growth. These materials are carried in secretory vesicles generated at the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Analysis of the mammalian post-Golgi secretory pathway demonstrated the movement of separated secretory vesicles in the cell. Using secretory carrier membrane protein 2 (SCAMP2) as a marker for s...

Insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells is dependent on maturation and acidification of the secretory granule, processes necessary for prohormone convertase cleavage of proinsulin. Previous studies in isolated beta cells revealed that acidification may be dependent on the granule membrane chloride channel ClC-3, in a step permissive for a regulated secretory response. In this study, immuno...