Allelopathic effects of plant litter have been extensively studied, but less attention has been given to the dynamics of phytotoxicity during the decomposition processes. Decomposition experiments were carried out on above- and below-ground plant materials of 25 species of different functional groups (nitrogen fixer, forbs, woody and grasses-sedges) in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The phyt...

T he evolution of C4 photosynthesis was a signal shift in the history of life on Earth, including at least 50 independent origins in 19 families of higher plants (1). Today, C4 plants account for a quarter of the primary productivity on the planet despite representing a small fraction (∼3%) of the estimated 250,000 land plant species (2). Most C4 plants are grasses (family Poaceae, 4,500 specie...

Florida freshwater herbaceous marshes are inundated approximately 6–10 mo/y, have predominantly organic soils, and maintained by fire, which restricts invasion woody plants. Marshes becoming dominated willow (Salix caroliniana Michx.) throughout Florida. Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary Regional Ecosystem Watershed Management Area treated willows in from 2008 to 2016 with helicopter herbicide treatmen...

Since it was established that the early hominins of Cradle Humankind in South Africa ate 13C-enriched foods may have included sedges with C4 photosynthetic pathways, much work has focused on reconstruction hominin dietary ecologies both southern and eastern Africa. Through years emphasis placed Cyperus papyrus as a possible source, even inspiring an ‘aquatic diet’...

Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers are formed by selective amplification of DNA fragments from digested total genomic DNA. The technique is popular because it is a relatively inexpensive way to produce large numbers of reproducible genetic markers. In this paper, we describe a Bayesian approach to modeling AFLP marker evolution by nucleotide substitution and an MCMC approach ...

The aim of the study was to elaborate the remote sensing methods for monitoring wetlands ecosystems. The investigation was carried out during the years 2002–2010 in the Biebrza Wetlands. The meteorological conditions at the test site varied from extremely dry to very wet. The authors propose applying satellite remote sensing data acquired in the optical and microwave spectrums to classify wetla...

As an object of research, the technological process cutting roots stalks pine tree with soil and placing them on side together spherical disk in combined aggregate implementation was accepted. In our republic's cotton cultivation field, world's latest innovations, including minimal, resource-saving, Strip-till, No-till technologies drip irrigation methods, are gradually being introduced. Combin...