Capitellid polychaetes are generally considered opportunistic species, characteristic of organically enriched and disturbed habitats. The feeding behavior of capitellids dramatically affects physical properties of sediments by repackaging sediment particles into large fecal pellets that persist for years. Particle size selection by Capitella sp. I was quantified using two approaches. Organic-ri...

An innovative approach was developed to reveal phosphorus (P) transport and redistribution in large and complex river networks in the Lake Taihu basin by establishing the relations between sediment P spatial distribution and P sorption behavior on particles with different grain size, sorted by hydrodynamics. The sediment P fractionation composition changed greatly across the basin, where 69% co...

New experimentals work were conducted to study the effects of sediment deposits’ thickness on the incipient motion of particles in a rigid rectangular channel. The results show that the deposits’ thickness significantly affects the channel’s ability to erode the sediment deposits. New equations were derived taking into account the effects of deposits’ thickness.

BACKGROUND Automated systems have enabled the counting of particles in urine to be standardized. Their superiority over traditional sediment analysis has been well documented, but they have not gained wide acceptance. The reasons for this are that sediment analysis has been performed and interpreted for decades. Additionally, pathologic casts and other unknown particles still must be confirmed ...

Several important sediment geochemical factors (particle size, contact time, artificial sediment composition, acid volatile sulfide, and pure inorganic particles coated or uncoated with humic acid) were examined for their influences on the assimilation of Cd, Cr, and Zn in the marine clam Ruditapes philippinarum. Metal desorption and phase speciation were concurrently measured for these particl...

We conducted field sampling in a subarctic shallow lagoon (Hichirippu Lagoon) in the eastern part of Hokkaido, Japan. We investigated the chemical composition of the water column, sediment, and sinking particles collected by the sediment trap. The standing stock of chlorophyll a (Chl-a) in the water column and surface sediment were 0.4 to 9.3 and 35.9 to 184 mg m , respectively. Using stable is...

The release of particulate-phase trace metals due to sediment resuspension has been investigated by combining erosion chamber experiments that apply a range of shear stresses typically encountered in coastal environments with a shear stress record simulated by a hydrodynamic model. Two sites with contrasting sediment chemistry were investigated. Sediment particles enriched in silver, copper, an...

Increasing use of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) is likely to result in release of these particles to the aquatic environment where the NPs may eventually accumulate in sediment. However, little is known about the potential ecotoxicity of sediment-associated engineered NPs. We here consider the case of metal oxide NPs using CuO to understand if the effects of NPs differ from micron-sized partic...

Increasing use of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) is likely to result in release of these particles to the aquatic environment where the NPs may eventually accumulate in sediment. However, little is known about the potential ecotoxicity of sediment-associated engineered NPs. We here consider the case of metal oxide NPs using CuO to understand if the effects of NPs differ from micron-sized partic...

As many particle-associated contaminants and nutrients are supply controlled, the question of particle source is crucial. In addition, sediment storage has important implications for the delivery and fate of pollutants. Increased accumulations of fine sediment ( < 63 Am) in gravel beds not only modify benthic habitat but also increase the retention time of sediment-associated contaminants in th...