Ž . A combination of ground penetrating radar GPR and seismic imaging has been performed in a gypsum quarry in western Europe. The objective was to localize main cracks and damaged areas inside some of the pillars, which presented indications of having reached stress limits. The GPR imaging was designed from classical profiles with GPR processes and a customized, PC-based image-processing softw...

[1] Since it has already been demonstrated that point-topoint seismic propagation Green Functions can be extracted from seismic noise, it should be possible to image Earth structure using the ambient noise field. Seismic noise data from 148 broadband seismic stations in Southern California were used to extract the surface wave arrival-times between all station pairs in the network. The seismic ...

We address the problem of estimating sound speeds (seismic velocities) inside the earth which is necessary for obtaining seismic images in regular Cartesian coordinates. The main goals are to develop algorithms to convert time migration velocities to true seismic velocities, and to convert time-migrated images to depth images in regular Cartesian coordinates. Our main results are three-fold. Fi...

Detection of subsurface structures by means of gravity method can be used to determine mass distribution and density contrast of rock units. This distribution could be detected by different geophysical methods, especially gravity method. However, gravity techniques have some drawbacks and can't be always successful in distinguishing subsurface structures. Performance of the gravity technique co...

Small geological features manifest themselves in seismic data in the form of diffracted waves, which are fundamentally different from seismic reflections. Using two field data examples and one synthetic example, we demonstrate the possibility of separating seismic diffractions in the data and imaging them with optimally chosen migration velocities. Our criterion for separating reflection and di...

Computer-aided fault imaging and interpretation is a fundamental tool for subsurface structure characterization and modeling, and the existing methods are primarily based on seismic discontinuity analysis (e.g., coherence and semblance) that evaluates the lateral variation of waveform and/or amplitude. However, such attributes have a limited resolution on subtle faults without apparent displace...

The presence of natural fractures in reservoir rock can significantly enhance gas production, especially in tight gas formations. Any general knowledge of the existence, location, orientation, spatial density, and connectivity of natural fractures, as well as general reservoir structure, that can be obtained prior to active seismic acquisition and drilling can be exploited to identify key areas...

The teleseismic transmission of seismic surface waves from earthquakes results in a loss of the high frequencies needed to infer information about Earth’s crust and uppermost mantle. A recent innovation in seismic imaging based on using long time sequences of ambient seismic noise moves beyond some of the limitations imposed on earthquakebased methods to reveal high resolution information about...

Echo-reconstruction techniques for non-intrusive imaging have wide application, from subsurface and underwater imaging to medical and industrial diagnostics. The techniques are based on experiments in which a collection of short acoustic or electromagnetic impulses, emitted at the surface, illuminate a certain volume and are backscattered by inhomogeneities of the medium. The inhomogeneities ac...

Seismic monitoring from the head of a tunnel-boring machine (TBM) enables improved assessment of the risks associated with the tunnel-boring process. The monitoring system provides a live image of ground conditions along the trajectory followed by the TBM and detects local heterogeneities such as boulders, foundations, and other obstacles that commonly pass undetected using local geotechnical t...