35 The ventral intraparietal area (VIP) of the macaque monkey is thought to be 36 involved in judging heading direction based on optic flow. We recorded neuronal 37 discharges in VIP while monkeys were performing a two-alternative, forced-choice 38 heading discrimination task to relate quantitatively the activity of VIP neurons to 39 monkeys’ perceptual choices. Most VIP neurons were responsive...

The ventral intraparietal area (VIP) of the macaque monkey is thought to be involved in judging heading direction based on optic flow. We recorded neuronal discharges in VIP while monkeys were performing a two-alternative, forced-choice heading discrimination task to relate quantitatively the activity of VIP neurons to monkeys' perceptual choices. Most VIP neurons were responsive to simulated h...

Although considerable progress has been made in understanding how adults perceive their direction of self-motion, or heading, from optic flow, little is known about how these perceptual processes develop in infants. In 3 experiments, the authors explored how well 3- to 6-month-old infants could discriminate between optic flow patterns that simulated changes in heading direction. The results sug...

In the present study, Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity in 20 varieties of Philodendron. The polymerase chain reaction was performed with 60 RAPD primers, out of which 21 primers showed clear amplification as well as more polymorphism. In total, 354 scorable RAPD loci with 348 polymorphic bands (98%) were observed. Percentages of polymo...

BACKGROUND All contemporary models of perception of locomotor heading from optic flow (the characteristic patterns of retinal motion that result from self-movement) begin with relative motion. Therefore it would be expected that an impairment on perception of relative motion should impact on the ability to judge heading and other 3D motion tasks. MATERIAL AND METHODS We report two patients wi...

Self-movement creates the patterned visual motion of optic flow with a focus of expansion (FOE) that indicates heading direction. During pursuit eye movements, depth cues create a retinal flow field that contains multiple FOEs, potentially complicating heading perception. Paradoxically, human heading perception during pursuit is improved by depth cues. We have studied medial superior temporal (...

Cells in the dorsal medial superior temporal cortex (MSTd) process optic flow generated by self-motion during visually guided navigation. A neural model shows how interactions between well-known neural mechanisms (log polar cortical magnification, Gaussian motion-sensitive receptive fields, spatial pooling of motion-sensitive signals and subtractive extraretinal eye movement signals) lead to em...

Recent years have brought forward different models on how the brain might encode heading from optic flow. Neurons in these models can encode heading for a variety of self-motion conditions, while responding to optic flow stimuli similarly as found in electrophysiological studies. Yet, little attention has been given to the receptive field structure of neurons that integrate local motion signals...

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During locomotion we can use information in the retinal flow field to judge whether we will pass to the left or right of an object in the scene (heading). We can also use information in retinal flow to judge whether an object is moving relative to the scene (flow parsing). Both judgements rely on the brain identifying optic flow (global patterns of retinal motion that are characteristic of self...