The contribution of this paper is a framework for relating butterfly-shaped hysteresis maps to simple (single-loop) hysteresis maps, which are typically easier to model and more amenable to control design. In particular, a unimodal mapping is used to transform simple loops to butterfly loops. For the practically important class of piecewise monotone hysteresis maps, we provide conditions for pr...

Produced by the action of lightning in the atmosphere of the pre-biotic earth, nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical molecule that provided the major nitrogen source for development of life. Remarkably, when atmospheric sources of NO became restrictive, organisms evolved the capacity for NO biosynthesis and NO took on bioregulatory roles. We now recognize NO as an ancestral regulator of diverse a...

BACKGROUND Nasal tip support is an essential consideration for rhinoplasty in East Asians. There are many techniques to improve tip projection, and among them, the columellar strut is the most popular technique. However, the conventional design is less supportive for rotating the tip. The amount of harvestable septal cartilage is relatively small in East Asians. For an optimal outcome, we propo...

Introduction. WaveOne is a single endodontic instrument that reciprocates with a dedicated motor to shape root canal systems. The present study assessed the centering ability of this simplified protocol along with the effect of experience in simulated plastic canals. Methods. One experienced operator shaped two groups of simulated canals. Groups 1 and 3 each comprised 30 blinded L-shaped canals...

In this paper we construct a natural geometric structure for the space of shapes of a star-shaped polygon. Roughly speaking we find: The set of similarity classes of marked stars forms a hyperbolic right angle pentagon bundle over the space of external angle sets of inscribed pentagons. The assignment of the shape of its fiber to each angle set forms a hyperbolic plane bundle over the Teichmiil...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2016.07.001.].

Few animal species have aroused as much excitement upon their discovery as the South American lungfish. Its possession of distinct piscine as well as amphibian characters made the animal a link in the transition of vertebrate life from water breathing to air breathing. Its special attributes are clearly reflected in its name, Lepidosiren paradoxa. Physiological experimentation on respiratory fu...

In this paper we deal with two problems on star-shaped polygons. First, we present a Las-Vegas algorithm that uniformly at random creates a star-shaped polygon whose vertices are given by a point set S of n points in the plane that does not admit degenerate star-shaped polygons. The expected running time of the algorithm is O(n 2 logn) and it uses O(n) memory. We call a star-shaped polygon dege...

The paper presents a method of designing ultrawide band (UWB) pulse array beamformer in the case of nearfield. Firstly the principle of space-time processing of UWB pulse array is discussed. The radical beampattern transform based on spherical coordinates is employed to solve the nearfield beamforming of UWB pulse array. The frequency invariant technology is considered for the frequency depende...

Koby in 1927 described a progressive, superficial corneal degeneration in a middle-aged woman that led to a painless loss of vision. This condition was characterized by the appearance of a central, fine, white reticulum at the level of Bowman's layer. The epithelium was thickened and bedewed, giving a faint brownish opalescence and providing a striking contrast to the white reticulum. We evalua...