AIMS/BACKGROUND To clarify whether intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in the human eye affects the durability of polymethylmethacrylate over an average period of 10.9 years. METHODS Shearing stress and extent of damage following neodymium (Nd):YAG laser application to 18 study and 12 control optics were examined. RESULTS No significant difference was found between the study and the control...

b = a length L c = the cohesion intercept M L T Ip = the plasticity index P = a force M L T u = the pore fluid pressure ML T θ = an angle Angle μ1 = shear strength reduction factor related to time effects μ2 = shear strength reduction factor related to fissuring σ = the normal stress on a plane M L T τ = the shearing stress on a plane M L T φ = the angle of internal friction Angle ψ = an angle ...

As an abundant natural resource in Asia, bamboo is receiving increased attention as an engineering material due to its renewability and excellent strength. The parallel-to-grain compression and shearing properties of moso bamboo culm were examined. The growth characteristics (bamboo age, nodes, and location along the culm), as well as treatments for practical applications (hole punching and hoo...

We carried out pointwise local velocity measurements on 40 mM cetylpyridinium chloride-sodium salicylate (CPyCl-NaSal) wormlike micellar solution using high-frequency ultrasound velocimetry in a Couette shear cell. The studied wormlike solution exhibits Newtonian, shear-thinning and shear-thickening rheological behavior in a stress-controlled environment. Previous rheology, flow visualization a...

We study the shearing of polydisperse and bidisperse media with a size ratio of 10. Simulations are performed with a two-dimensional shear cell using contact dynamics. With a truncated power law for the polydisperse media we find that they show a stronger dilatancy and greater resistance to shearing than bidisperse mixtures. To model additives used to control viscosity we introduce so-called "p...

Observations show that plasma crystals, suspended in the sheath of a radio-frequency discharge, rotate under the influence of a vertical magnetic field. Depending on the discharge conditions, two different cases are observed: a rigid-body rotation (all the particles move with a constant angular velocity) and sheared rotation (the angular velocity of particles has a radial distribution). When th...

The paper discusses the limitations of current HCI design methods to effectively support the design of new artifacts which radically change the ecology of practice. The notions of catachresis and utilization schemes are used to describe the changing ecology of practice. The hierarchical model of shearing layers is proposed as a useful tool to support the required designer’s consideration of evo...

A reaction-time task was used to determine the visual motion thresholds in humans and in macaque monkeys for sinusoidally modulated shearing motion of a random dot display. It was found that humans and macaques were very similar in their spatial frequency sensitivity profiles for shearing motion. These profiles were of a U-shape for all human and monkey subjects tested. Temporal frequency, vari...

The shearing of natural fractures is important in the permeability enhancement of shale gas reservoirs during hydraulic fracturing treatment. In this work, the shearing mechanisms of natural fractures are analyzed using a newly proposed numerical model based on the displacement discontinuities method. The fluid-rock coupling system of the model is carefully designed to calculate the shearing of...

The aim of this study was to establish the influence of shearing in dairy sheep during summer season. Several physiological and haematological parameters, which are closely related to thermoregulatory potential, have been investigated with the purpose to assess shearing influence on thermoregulation. Forty dairy sheep, clinically healthy and well-fed, were used. They were divided into two group...