Perceptions of safety influence women’s access to public spaces. This study aims understand how visibility, vigilance, and surveillance “eyes on the street,” perceptions safety, construct (un)safe passages for women streets Kolkata. The is based in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, visual surveys. finds that permeable street edges enhance visibility engagements with observant; whereas ...

Urban villages, namely villages encircled by urban environments, are unique phenomena that proliferated during China’s rapid urbanization process, as well important development issues for many Chinese cities at present. This article focuses on two planning approaches dominated the government’s uniform and formal villagers’ spontaneous informal practices, aiming to examine which approach is more...

since the energy consumption has become one of the crisis of modern buildings, modeling the iranian past architecture patterns could be helpful. the shopping streets as one of the main sectors consuming energy locate near the open spaces it seems, therefore, they need more thermal comfort. however, using passive techniques, the iranian traditional bazaars architecture solved the problems regard...

Since the energy consumption has become one of the crisis of modern buildings, modeling the Iranian past architecture patterns could be helpful. The shopping streets as one of the main sectors consuming energy locate near the open spaces it seems, therefore, they need more thermal comfort. However, using passive techniques, the Iranian traditional bazaars architecture solved the problems regard...

OBJECTIVES The informal sector is the dominant area of employment and the economy for any developing country including Bangladesh. The cost of productivity loss due to absence from work or presenteeism with illness has rarely been examined in the Bangladesh context. This current study, therefore, attempted to examine the impact of ill health of informal sector workers on labor productivity, fut...

the issues that arise in this articles are the causes and the bases of social - and sexual - devience according to a sociological point of view. then a search through a number of 350 files of sexual - crimes in babol, declares the causes on a sociological point of view, cultural transmission & contrast theory. in assessment during this research regarding age, sex & occupation as the main criter...