The encryption methods for enhancing the security of both text and multimedia contents has gained high significance in the current era of breach of security and misuse of the confidential information intercepted and misused by the unauthorized parties. Here we proposed an enhancement to an existing algorithm proposed early in which the RGB attributes of a pixel were randomly scattered across th...

After reviewing some basic relevant properties of stationary stochastic processes (SSP), we discuss the properties of the so-called Harrison-Zeldovich like spectra of mass density perturbations. These correlations are a fundamental feature of all current standard cosmological models. Examining them in real space we note they imply a sub-poissonian normalised variance in spheres σ2 M(R) ∼ R−4 ln...

To allow vaccination irrespective of HLA type, DNA vaccines encoding full-length antigens are required. However, here, we demonstrate that the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines encoding the full-length human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E7 and E6 proteins is highly reduced compared to vaccines encoding only the immunodominant epitope. Furthermore, the low remaining immunogenicity is essentially lo...

Pediocin PA-1 is a member of the class IIa bacteriocins, which show antimicrobial effects against lactic acid bacteria. To develop an improved version of pediocin PA-1, reciprocal chimeras between pediocin PA-1 and enterocin A, another class IIa bacteriocin, were constructed. Chimera EP, which consisted of the C-terminal half of pediocin PA-1 fused to the N-terminal half of enterocin A, showed ...

The Job Shop Scheduling Problem (JSSP) is a well known practical planning problem in the manufacturing sector. We have considered the JSSP with an objective of minimizing makespan. In this paper, we develop a three-stage hybrid approach called JSFMA to solve the JSSP. In JSFMA, considering a method similar to Shuffled Frog Leaping algorithm we divide the population in several sub populations an...

Using multi-fractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA), the scaling features of wind speed time series (WSTS) could be explored. In this paper, we discuss the influence of sub-daily variation, which is a natural feature of wind, in MF-DFA of WSTS. First, the choice of the lower bound of the segment length, a significant parameter of MF-DFA, was studied. The results of expanding the lower b...

Likelihood ratios (LRs) were calculated for a cohort of 60 pairs of true half-sibs and compared with LR values calculated for unrelated, paired children. STR results for the half-sib group were obtained from 60 archived cases involving a true mother, two children, and an alleged father subjected to typing with a multiplex STR kit (Identifiler multiplex, Applied Biosystems) and in which the alle...

The paper proposes shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA) based on enhanced learning, which generates a virtual general centre frog that is related to the optimal frog of each memeplex. The algorithm can utilise the superior information of each memeplex, enhance the mutual learning and use the average centre of optimal frog. In the processing of evolution, the optimal frog of sub-memeplex learn...

In the above paper [1], the second paragraph of the introduction was accidentally omitted. This paragraph and corresponding citations should appear as follows. As for iterative decoding of LDPC codes, there are two main scheduling approaches, probabilistic approaches and deterministic approaches. Although both scheduling approaches provide better complexity/performance tradeoff than their stand...