Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and cerebral salt wasting syndrome (CSWS) as the two most common neuroendocrine diseases, have been recognized and understood by many neurologists. Although SIADH and CSWS are the common causes of central hyponatremia after traumatic brain injury (TBI), a few cases are mixed, with the coexistence of the two pathological pathomechanism. Howe...

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is one of the most common causes of hyponatremia. The usual causes are malignancies, central nervous system, pulmonary disorders, and drugs. Amiodarone is a broad spectrum antiarrhythmic agent widely used in the management of arrhythmias. The different side effects include thyroid dysfunction, visual disturbances, pulmonary infilt...

Small cell carcinoma of the prostate (SCCP) is rare in clinical practice. It is often accompanied with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). We present a case of SCCP with SIADH that was successfully treated with radiotherapy in the metastatic lymphnodes and prostate. The patient was an 81-year-old male with a castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) with invade...

This is the first report on a case of syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) associated with Gerhardt syndrome (paralysis of bilateral vocal cords). A 67-year-old Japanese man suffering from progressive autonomic failure was diagnosed as having Shy-Drager syndrome (SDS) with hyponatremia due to SIADH and severe sleep apnea caused by a bilateral recurrent nerve palsy...

We describe the first reported case of a syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) induced by low-dose tacrolimus in a patient with autoimmune disease. A 41-year-old man with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) developed hyponatremia induced by SIADH after administration of tacrolimus (0.06 mg/kg per day). In this case, the hyponatremia promptly resolved upon withdrawal...

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used analgesics. Although rare, clinicians need to keep in mind that their use may precipitate hyponatremia and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), especially in high-risk patients with multiple comorbidities. In the kidneys, prostaglandins attenuate the water retention effect of antidiuretic hormone. NSAIDs cause a ...

The distribution of neuromyelitis optica (NMO)-characteristic brain lesions corresponds to sites of high aquaporin-4 (AQP4) expression, and the brainstem and hypothalamus lesions that express high levels of AQP4 protein are relatively characteristic of NMO. The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is one of the important causes of hyponatremia and results from an abn...

INTRODUCTION The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is the most frequent cause of hyponatremia in a hospital setting. However, detailed protocols and algorithms for its management are lacking. Our objective was to develop 2 consensus algorithms for the therapy of hyponatremia due to SIADH in hospitalized patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A multidisciplinary group ma...

Hyponatremia (sodium levels of <135 mEq/L) is one of the most common electrolyte imbalances in clinical practice, especially in patients with neurologic diseases. Hyponatremia can cause cerebral edema and brain herniation; therefore, prompt diagnosis and proper treatment is important in preventing morbidity and mortality. Among various causes of hyponatremia, diagnosing syndrome of inappropriat...

Hyponatremia is the commonest electrolyte abnormality in hospitalized patients and occurs due to various causes. Here we present a case of SIADH who was diagnosed using commonly available biochemical tests. This case report also discusses the interaction of the laboratory physician with the treating clinician and the approach needed to arrive at a correct diagnosis. It highlights the importance...