Soya-based infant formulas (SIF) containing soya flour were introduced almost 100 years ago. Modern soya formulas are used in allergy/intolerance to cows’ milk-based formulas (CMF), post-infectious diarrhoea, lactose intolerance and galactosaemia, as a vegan human milk (HM) substitute, etc. The safety of SIF is still debated. In the present study, we reviewed the safety of SIF in relation to an...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether skin intrinsic fluorescence (SIF) was associated with autonomic neuropathy and confirmed distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (CDSP) in 111 individuals with type 1 diabetes (mean age 49 years, mean diabetes duration 40 years). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS SIF was measured using the SCOUT DM device. Autonomic neuropathy was defined as an electrocardiographic abnormal...

Photosynthesis simulations by terrestrial biosphere models are usually based on the Farquhar's model, in which the maximum rate of carboxylation (Vcmax ) is a key control parameter of photosynthetic capacity. Even though Vcmax is known to vary substantially in space and time in response to environmental controls, it is typically parameterized in models with tabulated values associated to plant ...

BACKGROUND Unsafe injection practices are prevalent among injection drug users (IDU) and have resulted in numerous forms of drug-related harm including HIV/HCV transmission and other bacterial and viral infections. North America's first supervised injection facility (SIF) was established in Vancouver in order to address injection-related harms among IDU. This study sought to examine injection d...

Binding of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) to normal myeloid cells activates the protein tyrosine kinases Lyn and Syk and results in the immediate early upregulation of G-CSF receptor (R) mRNA. In our studies of the signaling pathways activated by G-CSF that are coupled to proliferation and differentiation of myeloid cells, we examined whether G-CSF activated a latent transcriptio...

North America's first medically supervised safer injecting facility (SIF) recently opened in Vancouver, Canada. One of the concerns prior to the SIF's opening was that the facility might lead to a migration of drug activity and an increase in drug-related crime. Therefore, we examined crime rates in the neighborhood where the SIF is located in the year before versus the year after the SIF opene...

background research predicting the public health and fiscal impact of supervised injection facilities (sifs), across different cities in canada, has reported positive results on the reduction of hiv cases among people who inject drugs (pwid). most of the existing studies have focused on the outcomes of insite, located in the vancouver downtown eastside (dtes). previous attention has not been af...

BACKGROUND In Denmark, the first standalone supervised injecting facility (SIF) opened in Copenhagen's Vesterbro neighborhood on October 1, 2012. The purpose of this study was to assess whether use of services provided by the recently opened SIF was associated with changes in injecting behavior and syringe disposal practices among people who inject drugs (PWID). We hypothesized that risk behavi...

BACKGROUND In Canada, 4,400 cases of oral cancer are diagnosed yearly. Surgical resection is a key component of treatment in many of these cancers. Reconstruction of defects, with the goal of preserving function, is of utmost importance. Several choices are possible for reconstruction of larger defects, including both free and pedicled flaps. Free flap reconstruction is reliable and effective, ...

In the last decade, significant progress has been made in estimating Solar-Induced chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF) by passive remote sensing techniques that exploit the oxygen absorption spectral regions. Although the O2–B and the deep O2–A absorption bands present a high sensitivity to detect SIF, these regions are also largely influenced by atmospheric effects. Therefore, an accurate Atmospher...