Numerical experiments on most gauge theories coupled with matter failed to observe string-breaking effects while measuring Wilson loops only. We show that, under rather mild assumptions, the overlap of the Wilson loop operator with the broken-string state obeys a natural upper bound implying that the signal of string-breaking is in general too weak to be detected by the conventional updating al...

This article contains analyses of the performance of various carrier synchronization loops for offset quadrature phase-shift-keying (OQPSK) modulation, all motivated in one form or another by the maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation of carrier phase. When they are implemented as either high or low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) approximations to the generic implementation suggested by the MAP est...

Cosmic superstring loops generically contain strings of different tensions that meet at Y-junctions. These loops evolve non-periodically in time, and have cusps and kinks that interact with the junctions. We study the effect of junctions on the gravitational wave signal emanating from cosmic string cusps and kinks. We find that earlier results on the strength of individual bursts from cusps and...

Group valued edge labellings λ of a Bratteli diagram B give rise to a skew-product Bratteli diagram B(λ) on which the group acts. The quotient by the group action of the associated dynamics can be a nontrivial extension of the dynamics of B. We exhibit a Bratteli diagram for this quotient and construct a morphism to B with unique path lifting property. This is shown to be an isomorphism for the...

The concept of self-protection, a capability of an organism to protect itself from exogenous attacks, is introduced into the design of artificial evolutionary systems as a possible method to create and maintain diversity in the population. Three different mechanisms of self-protection are considered and implemented on a cellular-automaton-based evolutionary system, the evoloop. Simulation resul...

This paper explores the concept of micro-architectural loops and discusses their impact on processor pipelines. In particular, we establish the relationship between loose loops and pipeline length and configuration, and show their impact on performance. We then evaluate the load resolution loop in detail and propose the distributed register algorithm (DRA) as a way of reducing this loop. It dec...

The digital signal processor (DSP) industry has been growing steadily over the past few years due to strong demands for digital signal processors in a variety of applications. Among these applications, wireless communication accounts for more than two-thirds of the DSP market today. The Selectable Mode Vocoder (SMV) is a third generation (3G) speech coding technology that provides significant c...