Three walk trails, the ‘Bibbulmun Track’ in West Cape Howe National Park and The Bald Head and Peak Head trails, in Torndirrup National Park were compared and evaluated using a problem assessment method. Indicators used to categorise trail degradation in the problem-assessment-trail-census included trail depth, excessive width, root exposure and trail proliferation. Other environmental variable...

ground skidding on skid trails affects the physical properties of soil. the objective of this study was to evaluate changes in soil physical properties on skid trails formed due to traffic of metal-tracked skidders with regard to soil bulk density, total porosity, water content and penetration resistance. the studies were implemented on two levels of slope – 20% (sc2) – and three levels of traf...

Two coastal walk trails in south-western Australia were subjected to a specific soil erosion and microtopography assessment between 2004–2007. A point intercept (PIN) frame was used to evaluate change over time to the trail profile. Estimates of soil loss are quantified and discussed in relation to previous historical use and a lack of appropriate management intervention. The results show that ...

When the driving road surface condition suddenly changes from dry to wet, the driving wheels will slip due to much lower coefficient of friction, and thus cause the vehicle to skid. Unlike the popular anti-brake system which applies differential braking to wheels, the presented ant-skid Control properly distributes torques to wheels without braking. In comparison with many recently developed an...

logging operations is an engineering system with the aim of maximizing efficiency and minimizing negative effects. this study was carried out in two compartments including 220 and 225 in namkhaneh district of kheiroudkenar watershed. in this study, damages resulted from skidding operation by timber jack 450c were evaluated. the results of this study showed that in two compartments 220 and 225, ...

In this study, degree of soil compaction and rutting caused on the skid road by rubber-tired tractor was investigated in northern pine plantation forest in Turkey. In research area, the cross sections were selected in every 20 meter along the skid road. Penetrometer measurements were made in each cross section. Also, the soil samples were collected to on the skid road and forest site. The rutti...

Volcanic ash deposited on paved surfaces during volcanic eruptions often compromises skid resistance, which is a major component of safety. We adopt the British pendulum test method in laboratory conditions to investigate the skid resistance of road asphalt and airfield concrete surfaces covered by volcanic ash sourced from various locations in New Zealand. Controlled variations in ash characte...