Pituitary duplication is a rare malformation, reported previously in approximately 18 patients. It is usually unsuspected before imaging, although it occurs most commonly in association with complicated midline and skull base anomalies. It is easily shown by MR imaging. Five new cases of pituitary duplication were diagnosed by using MR imaging studies reviewed at the Hospital for Sick Children....

An eight-week-old female Cocker Spaniel was presented with ataxia, dysmetria and intention tremor. At 16 weeks, the clinical signs did not progress. Investigation including imaging studies of the skull and cerebrospinal fluid analysis were performed. The computed tomography revealed a cyst-like dilation at the level of the fourth ventricle associated with vermal defect in the cerebellum. After ...

In the 18th week of pregnancy in a 22 year old patient, twins were diagnosed by ultrasound. It was found that one twin had an abnormal skull outline and an echo-free area covered by a thin membrane in the region of the abdomen. The second embryo showed no sign of malformation. Amniocentesis was performed and the AFP in both samples of amniotic fluid were in the pathological range. Our own obser...

The congenital orbital varix is a form of venous malformation of the orbit resulting in intermittent proptosis in a child, adolescent, or young adult [1, 2]. Vision is seldom affected, although attempts at surgical removal may alter vision [3]. Skull films may demonstrate orbital enlargement or phleboliths within the orbit [4]. Orbital venography and carotid angiography have previously proved u...

A 21-year-old man was in a motor collision, resulting in skull fractures and subsequent craniectomy (figure). When he was able to communicate, 60 days after injury, he reported vertical oscillopsia and a throbbing sensation around his left eye. Examination revealed monocular left orbital pulsations (video on the Neurology® Web site at Neurology.org). Orbital pulsations can result from a caverno...

Amniotic band syndrome is a collection of fetal malformations associated with fibrous bands that appear to entangle or entrap various fetal parts in utero leading to deformation, malformation, or disruption. Ectopia cordis is a rare congenital defect in fusion of the anterior chest wall resulting in extrathoracic location of the heart. In this article, we report a rare case of ectopia cordis an...

Context. Fetal sincipital encephalocele is one of the most serious congenital neural tube defects with a high risk of mortality and neonatal morbidity. Prenatal diagnosis of this malformation is important in fetal medicine. Case Report. We report a case of prenatal diagnosis of sincipital encephalocele using ultrasound and MRI imaging. The diagnosis was done at 25 weeks of gestation by identify...

A rare case of an adult male with malformation of the skull, face, hands and feet called acrocephalosyndactly or Apert syndrome is presented. Its probable cause, features and treatment is discussed. It is a unique case who survived upto the age of 32 years without any operative intervention and adjusted in the society though he has all the stigmas of the above syndrome. We have concluded and ma...

Lissencephaly ("smooth brain") or agyria is a rare congenital malformation resulting from an arrest of the development of the human brain during the third to fourth month of gestation [1]. Before this stage of fetal cerebral development, the absence of gyri is normal [2]. The radiologic findings on plain skull radiography, pneumoencephalography, cerebral arteriography, and , more recently, cran...