In original data envelopment analysis (DEA) models, the data for all inputs and outputs are known exactly. When some inputs and outputs are unknown decision variables, such as interval data, ordinal data, and ratio bounded data, the DEA model is called imprecise DEA (IDEA). In this paper, We develop an alternative approach based upon slacksbased measure of efficiency (SBM) for dealing with inte...

“Smart growth” is an urban planning concept. In this paper, the overall urban-rural smart growth efficiency explored, which serves as indicator to effectively measure allocation of spatial resources and structural rationality space. Taking a developing county city in northwest China plains area example, system was established evaluation model constructed by using data envelopment analysis (DEA)...

In this research we employ data envelopment analysis (DEA) to measure the Malmquist productivity of semiconductor packaging and testing firms in Taiwan from 2000 to 2003. Malmquist productivity has three components: the measurement of technical change, the measurement of the frontier forward shift, and the measurement of the frontier backward shift of a company over two consecutive periods. Thi...

Improving the qualities of software systems is an important issue in software engineering. Software engineers need to know the information about software quality as early as possible in software development. Measuring the program complexity of software systems is the most straightforward approach to analyze software quality. In this paper, we propose five Stack-based Markov (SBM) models to meas...

A novel technique has been introduced in this research which lends its basis to the Directional Slack-Based Measure for the inverse Data Envelopment Analysis. In practice, the current research endeavors to elucidate the inverse directional slack-based measure model within a new production possibility set. On one occasion, there is a modification imposed on the output (input) quantities of an ef...

Highway infrastructure construction is regarded as one of the effective policy tools used to promote flow production factors and upgrade industrial structure in China, it may also be an important precondition improving Cultivated Land Use Efficiency (CLUE). This paper uses a slack-based model (SBM) based on provincial-level panel data from China 2004 2017 measure CLUE. Then dynamic spatial Durb...

Eco-innovation is the main driver of realizing coordinated development resource, environmental and economic systems. This paper measures regional eco-innovation efficiency (EIE) by using Super-Slack Based Measure (SBM) model with undesirable outputs distinguishes different agglomeration patterns based on Chinese data 21 manufacturing sub-industries 30 provinces. In particular, from perspective ...

Two experiments were conducted to determine AA digestibility and the concentration of DE and ME in 5 sources of soybean meal (SBM). The 5 sources included hexane-extracted SBM produced from high-protein soybeans (SBM-HP) and conventional soybeans (SBM-CONV), and mechanically extruded-expelled SBM produced from high-protein soybeans (EE-SBM-HP), low-oligosaccharide soybeans (EE-SBM-LO), and conv...