Transcriptional slippage is a class of error in which ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymerase incorporates nucleotides out of register, with respect to the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) template. This phenomenon is involved in gene regulation mechanisms and in the development of diverse diseases. The bacteriophage λ N protein reduces transcriptional slippage within actively growing cells and in vitro. ...

This paper presents an analysis result of grasp-move-and-twist motions of robotic hands equipped with optical three-axis tactile sensor to evaluate performance of a new control algorithm based on tactile slippage sensation. The optical three-axis tactile sensor is capable of defining normal and shear forces simultaneously. The proposed algorithm consists of robot arm and hand controls based on ...

The family Potyviridae encompasses ~30% of plant viruses and is responsible for significant economic losses worldwide. Recently, a small overlapping coding sequence, termed pipo, was found to be conserved in the genomes of all potyvirids. PIPO is expressed as part of a frameshift protein, P3N-PIPO, which is essential for virus cell-to-cell movement. However, the frameshift expression mechanism ...

DNA containing repetitive sequences displays richer dynamics than heterogeneous sequences. In the genome the number of repeat units of repetitive sequences, known as microsatellites, may vary during replication by DNA slippage and their expansion gives rise to serious disorders. We studied the mechanical properties of repetitive DNA using dynamic force spectroscopy and found striking difference...

The paper presents a cross-coupling controller for a four-wheel steering mobile robot with independently actuated steering and driving of each wheel. The aim of the controller is to minimize slippage during transient states of the vehicle control. Linear approximation of the criterion for no slippage is adopted for the design of the LQR-based cross-coupling controller of steering actuators. Dri...

Certain (non polymeric) fluids show an anomalously low friction when flowing against well chosen solid walls. We discuss here one possible explanation, postulating that a gaseous film of small thickness h is present between fluid and wall. When h is smaller than the mean free path l of the gas (Knudsen regime) the Navier length b is expected to be independent of h and very large (microns).

Wheel slippage creates control challenges for wheeled mobile robots (WMR). This paper proposes a new method for haptic teleoperation control of a WMR with longitudinal slippage by using the time-domain passivity control (TDPC) approach. We show the potential nonpassivity for the environment termination caused by the slippage dynamics. The utilized TDPC approach maintains the passivity of teleop...

PURPOSE To determine, among a sample of young black male (YBM), whether female application of male condoms for penile-vaginal intercourse would be associated with higher or lower rates of breakage or slippage. A secondary aim was to investigate if higher rates of breakage or slippage were associated with increased odds of acquiring chlamydia and/or gonorrhea. METHODS A cross-sectional study o...

The Potyviridae comprise the largest and most important family of RNA plant viruses. An essential overlapping ORF, termed pipo, resides in an internal region of the main polyprotein ORF. Recently, expression of pipo was shown to depend on programmed transcriptional slippage at a conserved GAAAAAA sequence, resulting in the insertion of an extra A into a proportion of viral transcripts, fusing t...

Purpose To assess graft slippage at the site of femoral fixation by follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with a four-strand autogenous hamstring tendon using RigidFix (DePuy Mitek). Materials and Methods Twenty-one subjects diagnosed with ACL rupture underwent ACL reconstruction using hamstring autograft with the transtibial techniqu...