Climate has the potential to influence evolution, but how it influences the strength or direction of natural selection is largely unknown. We quantified the strength of selection on four floral traits of the subalpine herb Ipomopsis sp. in 10 years that differed in precipitation, causing extreme temporal variation in the date of snowmelt in the Colorado Rocky Mountains. The chosen floral traits...

Abstract The Eurasian winter and spring snow cover anomalies along with spring snowmelt have been considered as the important factors affecting the Indian summer monsoon rainfall in particular and the Asian summer monsoon rainfall in general. No previous study has been found in which the effects of Eurasian snow cover on the monsoon of Pakistan would have been analyzed. In this study authors tr...

Snowmelt onset in the upper Yukon River basin, Canada, can be derived from brightness temperatures (Tb) obtained by the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS (AMSRE) on NASA’s Aqua satellite. This sensor, with a resolution of 14 x 8 km for the 36.5 GHz frequency and two to four observations per day, improves upon the twice-daily coverage and 37 x 28 km spatial resolution of the Special...

according to recent studies, about 60 percent of surface waters and 57 percent ground waters are located in snowy zones in iran. in most areas of northern hemisphere and alpine environment areas, snow melt lead to the maximum instantaneous flow rate and is an important part of annual discharge. the present study investigated the effect of snowmelt on the surface waters and ground waters in baha...

The generation and release of meltwater during the spring snowmelt season can be delayed because of spring storm episodes with snow accumulation and/or sustained subfreezing temperatures. The delayed release of snowmelt often extends beyond the particular storm event because of changes to the internal state of energy in the snowpack that prevents transmission of meltwater. Following a storm, tw...

In high altitude plants, flowering quickly ensures reproductive success within a short snow-free period, but limits maturation time and fecundity. Natural selection on prefloration intervals may therefore vary in contrasting snowmelt environments and could influence the outcome of phenological responses to climatic change. This study investigated adaptive differentiation and plasticity of prefl...

Snowmelt dominates the hydrograph of many temperate montane streams, yet little work has characterized how streamwater sources and nitrogen (N) dynamics vary across wildland to urban land use gradients in these watersheds. Across a third-order catchment in Salt Lake City, Utah, we asked where and when groundwater vs shallow surface water inputs controlled stream discharge and N dynamics. Stream...

[1] The depth and timing of snowpack in the Sierra Nevada Mountains are of fundamental importance to California water resource availability, and recent studies indicate a shift toward earlier snowmelt consistent with projected impacts of anthropogenic climate change. In order for future studies to assess snowpack variability on seasonal to centennial time scales, physically based models of snow...

P otential water pollution associated with melting snow are a concern to watershed managers in northern climates. In fact, in some urban areas, substantial portions of the annual load of pollutants such as hydrocarbons, metals, solids, nutrients, and chlorides come from snowmelt and early spring runoff events. Thus the annual cycle of pollutant build-up and subsequent release during snowmelt ca...

Using a 15 year stream record from a northern boreal catchment, we demonstrate that the inter-annual variation in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations during snowmelt was related to discharge, winter climate and previous DOC export. A short and intense snowmelt gave higher stream water DOC concentrations, as did long winters, while a high previous DOC export during the antecedent summe...