The present research investigated young children's automatic encoding of two social categories that are highly relevant to adults: gender and race. Three- to 6-year-old participants learned facts about unfamiliar target children who varied in either gender or race and were asked to remember which facts went with which targets. When participants made mistakes, they were more likely to confuse ta...

A pair of experiments addressed two questions regarding listeners’ sociolinguistic knowledge: First, how do listeners use facts about speech to inform their beliefs about speakers? Second, and conversely, how might listeners use facts about speakers to inform their perceptions of speech? Results of Experiment 1 demonstrate that listeners can infer characteristics of speakers from their use of a...

a foreign language teaching method is supposed to take into account the real communicative needs of the foreign language learner. using literary texts is a suitable way not only to teach a foreign language but to consider particular facts that relate to human and cultural needs of learners. using the humanistic-oriented literary texts as an authentic document in the foreign language course allo...

The general public shows great potential for utilizing scientific research. For example, a singer discovered her ectopic pregnancy by looking up clinical case reports. However, an exorbitant paywall impedes the public’s access to scientific literature. Our case study on a social network demonstrates a growing need for non-open access publications, especially for biomedical literature. The chall...

Frequency estimation of social facts in two methods of judgment elicitation was investigated. In the “narrow-range” condition, subjects answered questions in the format: “Out of 100 incidents, how many belong to category X?” In the “wide-range” condition, the frequency for the same event was assessed with respect to “Out of 10,000.” Judged frequencies in the wide-range condition were divided by...

Knowledge bases have become key assets for many tasks related to search and analytics. Retrieving textual evidence for the facts about an entity – in news, social media, or other web contents – is important for assessing the truth of statements, gathering statistics about the saliency of facts, and as a basis for summarizing documents or entire corpora. This paper addresses the problem of spott...

supported by facts, he believed in the good of the inductive method in all walks of life. He put this to work in studies such as the influences of environment on parameters of behaviour of mice and men. He eventually succeeded in building up a Fondation Francaise pour l'Etude des Problmes Humains in occupied Paris from 1941 to 1944, for which he was much maligned after the liberation. Carrel's ...

Hang-Hyun Jo, 2, 3 Yohsuke Murase, János Török, 6 János Kertész, 5, 3 and Kimmo Kaski Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea Department of Computer Science, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo FI-00076, Finland RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational...