We study a model of political economy in which the policy choice of an incumbent politician when he is concerned with the perception of his capability. We show that politicians may engage in socially detrimental reform in order to be perceived as more capable. Conservative institutions that thwart reform may potentially improve social welfare.

We construct a model of trade with heterogeneous retailers to examine the effects of trade liberalization on retail market structure, imports and social welfare. We are especially interested in investigating the transmission of lower import prices into consumer prices and the effects of retail market regulation. The paper shows that changes in import prices may have large effects on consumer pr...

This paper examines a two-period mixed market model in which a welfaremaximizing public firm and a profit-maximizing private firm can use inventory investment as a strategic device. It is then demonstrated that the equilibrium in the second period coincides with the Stackelberg solution where the private firm is the leader, and at equilibrium, both social welfare and the private firm’s profit a...

This paper examines three main questions: Is it possible to create a market for genetic resources? Is it a perfectly or an imperfectly competitive market? What impact could this market have on the management of biodiversity in the context of sustainable development? I analyse the conditions for baccessQ and buseQ of knowledge of genetic resources and the genetic resources themselves. I then con...

held in Paris in July, quickly dispels that illusion, for there it was shown that in many other countries a similar experiment is, in a greater or lesser degree, being worked out, even though the stage of development reached is nowhere so advanced as in Britain. All the 1,500 representatives of the forty nations present were concerned with the same problems and asking the same questions. How is...

the paper, first, reviews the development of social welfare issue and then investigates how primary welfare policy and social insurance has been formulated and accepted in europe. it is argued that social events which caused by industrialization and urbanization led to formation of social welfare and welfare state. eleven resources, in iran, have been known as welfare approaches and produced sp...

Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Umeå International School of Public Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå , Sweden. Department of Social Work, Umeå University, Umeå , Sweden. Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitati...