The effect of luminal sodium on intestinal glucose absorption at a variety of glucose concentrations was studied with a segmental perfusion technique in normal subjects. Uphill glucose transport was inhibited with sodium-free perfusions with either mannitol or Tris-HCl as the osmotic replacement of sodium (P < 0.01-P < 0.001). This effect did not appear to be the result of solvent drag, as incr...

BACKGROUND The nitric oxide (NO) precursor L-arginine has been shown to produce variable effects on intestinal absorptive function, including ion transport. AIMS To determine whether there is an optimal concentration of L-arginine, promoting proabsorptive effects from oral rehydration solutions (ORS) with 90 or 60 mM sodium. SUBJECTS AND METHODS In vivo perfusion of rat jejunum with determi...

We have previously shown that prostanoids inhibit electroneutral sodium absorption in Cryptosporidium parvum-infected porcine ileum, whereas glutamine stimulates electroneutral sodium absorption. We postulated that glutamine would stimulate sodium absorption via a cyclooxygenase (COX)-dependent pathway. We tested this hypothesis in C. parvum-infected calves, which are the natural hosts of crypt...

Cadmium Sulphide (CdS) nanoparticles were prepared using microemulsion method using cadmium chloride as cadmium source and sodium sulphide as sulphur source. The obtained nanoparticles structures were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) whereas optical characterization was done by Ultra Violet-Visible absorption. XRD result shows that CdS nanopart...

     In this study, hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocrystals have been synthesized via chemical precipitation technique. Diammonium hydrogen phosphate and calcium nitrate 4-hydrate were used as starting materials and sodium hydroxide solution was used as the agent for pH adjustment. The powder sample was evaluated by techniques such as scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, Fou...

UNLABELLED The model of sodium and chloride transport proposed for the colon is based on studies performed in the distal segment and tacitly assumes that ion transport is similar throughout the colon. In rat distal colon, neutral sodium-chloride absorption accounts for the major fraction of overall sodium absorption and aldosterone stimulates electrogenic, amiloride-sensitive sodium absorption....

Active glucose absorption is thought to depend on a gradient of sodium ion concentration across the brush border membrane of intestinal epithelial cells. This concept is generally accepted, although its validity has never been adequately evaluated in the human small intestine in vivo. According to this hypothesis, the rate of glucose absorption should decrease markedly if the luminal sodium con...

The present studies were designed to characterize sodium transport in the jejunum and ileum of humans with respect to the effects of water flow, sodium concentration, addition of glucose and galactose, and variations in aniomic composition of luminal fluid. In the ileum, sodium absorption occurred against very steep electrochemical gradients (110 mEq/liter, 5-15 mv), was unaffected by the rate ...