Forest management often results in changes in soil microbial communities. To understand how forest management can change microbial communities, we studied soil microbial abundance and community structure in a natural Chamaecyparis (NCP) forest, a disturbed Chamaecyparis (DCP) forest, a secondary (regenerated) Chamaecyparis (SCP) forest and a secondary (reforested) Cryptomeria (SCD) forest. We a...

This paper aims to obtain the optimal distance between the adjacent structures using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm considering structure-soil-structure systems; The optimization algorithm has been prepared in MATLAB software and connected into OpenSees software (where the structure-soil-structure system has been analyzed by the direct approach). To this end, a series of adjacent s...

In the present work, the effect of Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI) in low frequency structures resting on loose soil, through numerical modelling and shaking table tests have been studied. In theoretical studies two types of models namely fixed base and flexible base structure were subjected to three selected earthquake records. Nonlinear dynamic analysis was employed for all of the numerical ...

The spatial organisation of soils is crucially important in affecting belowground function, and the associated delivery of ecosystem services. Fungi constitute an important part of the soil biomass. As well as playing key roles in nutrient cycling and biotic interactions, they are also intimately involved in soil structural dynamics. Fungi mediate the formation of soil structure at a variety of...

In structural analysis, the base of structures is usually assumed to be completely rigid. However, the combination of foundation and the subsurface soil, makes in fact a flexible-base for the soil-structure system. It is well-known that the structural responses can be significantly affected by incorporating the Soil-structure Interaction (SSI) effects. The aim of the present study is to provide...

Soil structure is often said to be the key to soil productivity since a fertile soil, with desirable soil structure and adequate moisture supply, constitutes a productive soil. Soil structure influences soil water movement and retention, erosion, crusting, nutrient recycling, root penetration and crop yield. The objective of this work is to study humic acid (HA) application on some physical and...

7 Soil structure is often said to be the key to soil productivity since a fertile soil, with desirable 8 soil structure and adequate moisture supply, constitutes a productive soil. Soil structure 9 influences soil water movement and retention, erosion, crusting, nutrient recycling, root 10 penetration and crop yield. The objective of this work is to study, humic acid (HA) 11 application on some...

There is convincing evidence for the benefits of deep rooting, especially in relation to drought resistance (Lopes & Reynolds, 2010; Uga et al., 2013). Modelling has shown that greater root depth allows increased water uptake and higher yields (Lilley & Kirkegaard, 2011). Deep rooting is thought to be improved by combinations of traits that confer steeper growth and an ability to penetrate stro...

some soil physical and chemical characteristics were analyzed in order to reveal the relationship between forest soils and regeneration patches. gorazbon district of kheyrud was selected as a case study for the research area. all regeneration patches were recorded using gps device. to assess the spatial structure and to quantify the metrics of regeneration patches, analyzing of landscape metric...