In modern dentistry applications, two different types of laser occupy dominant positions: gas lasers and solid-state lasers. The first of these categories includes the Co2 laser (10 600 nm) and the argon laser (480 + 515 nm), while examples of the solid-state laser are the Nd:YAG (1064 nm), Er:YAG (2940 nm), Er:CrYSGG (2780 nm) and the diode laser (mainly 810 and 980 nm). As the name suggests, ...

Well-characterized solid-state laser materials are evaluated for performance in radiation balanced laser systems. New figures-of-merit are developed and applied to ytterbium doped materials. Superior performance is predicted for high cross section tungstate materials. Photothermal deflection experiments on samples of Yb doped KGd(WO4)2 confirm anti-Stokes fluorescence cooling. Observations of o...

CMOS poly-Si thin-film transistors (TFTs) were fabricated through crystallization and GILD processes by a novel selected area laser assisted (SALA) system. The system enables a local area irradiation of small beams of a pulsed solid-state laser of frequency tripled Nd:YAG. The novel TFT process eliminated 3 doping mask steps of the conventional process. On-off current ratios for both types of p...

The actual market volume of high-power lasers for manufacturing is dominated by diffusion cooled CO2 laser systems at the multi-kW range and lamp pumped Nd:YAG laser systems at the kW range. Substituting the lamps by diodes the Nd:YAG laser in rod design entered the market as diode pumped solid state laser of the first generation. With output powers up to 6 kW the diode pumped rod is used in in...

Ultrafast dynamical processes in solids may be triggered, studied and even manipulated with help of ultrashort laser pulses. Also for materials processing there is an enormous potential of ultrashort laser pulses. Thus, femtosecond laser–solid interaction is of significant interest to the fields of both basic research and industrial applications. Here, I present results of theoretical considera...

Continuous-wave mode-locked femtosecond 2-m solid-state laser with a c-cut Tm:CaYAlO4 (6 at.%) as gain medium was experimentally demonstrated. The mode locked laser generated stable pulses with average output power as high as 531 mW, pulse duration of 496 fs, and repetition rate of 97 MHz at 1975 nm. The research results show that Tm:CaYAlO4 is an excellent gain medium for femtosecond pulse ge...

Based on the type of laser gain medium, lasers are mostly divided into four categories; gaseous, liquid (such as dye lasers), semiconductor, and solid state lasers. In recent past years, solid state lasers have been attracted considerable attentions in industry and scientific researches to achieve the high power laser devices with good beam quality. In solid state lasers the gain medium might b...

In this article we present a novel optical sensor allowing simultaneous measurements of axial position and tangential velocity of moving solid state objects. An extended laser Doppler velocimeter setup is used where two interference fringe systems are superposed slightly tilted. The axial position of moving solid state surfaces is determined via a phase evaluation. The phase laser Doppler dista...

Photograph of a mechanically flexible 2D-DFB laser made from the conjugated polymer MeLPPP. The laser is optically pumped well above the threshold for amplified spontaneous emission. The complex far-field emission pattern (blue-green) results from a large detuning between the resonance wavelength and the gain maximum. • A nearly diffraction limited surface emitting conjugated polymer laser util...