Abstract As the global push towards clean energy intensifies, demand for critical minerals has driven deep excavation in hard rock formations, posing significant challenges related to rockburst and spalling. Spalling refers explosion-like fractures under high geo-stresses. Despite several successful studies practical models, mechanisms governing spalling propagation polyaxial stress states rema...

This paper presents two shear tests of -in. diameter cast-in anchors embedded in the plastic hinge zone of reinforced concrete columns. Design codes, such as ACI 318-14, require special reinforcement for concrete anchors in concrete that could be substantially damaged during an earthquake. The test anchors in this study were equipped with the anchor reinforcement recommended and verified in the...

The wear behavior of two coatings (Fe49.7Cr18Mn1.9Mo7.4W1.6B15.2C3.8Si2.4 and Fe40Cr23Mo14C15B6Y2) sprayed by high-velocity air fuel technology was investigated through nanoscratch tests under ramping loads. Compared with the substrate, the Fe-based amorphous coatings exhibit lower penetration depth, higher elastic recovery, and lower wear volume, indicating the excellent wear resistance of the...

This paper introduces the theory of cyclic statistics as a powerful tool for the diagnosis of gear faults. More precisely, a new method based on the cyclic bispectrum, a third order cyclic statistical function, is used for monitoring. This estimator furnishes a valuable means of detecting and characterising non-linear coupling effects as well as any periodic correlation between different compon...