Black pepper ( Piper nigrum ) from Piperaceae and its main ingredient (piperine) reduces gastric emptying in rats. In Iranian traditional medicine, black pepper is used to relief the menorrhalgia in women. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of black pepper fruit aqueous extract on non-pregnant rat uterus contractions and the mechanism(s) of its action. To prepare the extract, b...

Globally, primary dysmenorrhoea is one of the most frequent gynaecological disorders in young women. It is associated with increased uterine tone, and exaggerated contractility of uterine smooth muscles. In many rural African communities, a number of medicinal plants, including Psidium guajava Linn. (family: Myrtaceae), are used traditionally for the management, control and/or treatment of prim...

Aromadendranes belong to a class of sesquiterpenes present in higher plant essential oils and marine animals. Although the biological activities include antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, plant growth regulatory, antifeedant, repellent and cytotoxic, there is only one precedent for spasmolytic effects. In a previous report we have shown that the aromadendrene molecule known as spathulenol, i...

black pepper ( piper nigrum ) from piperaceae and its main ingredient (piperine) reduces gastric emptying in rats. in iranian traditional medicine, black pepper is used to relief the menorrhalgia in women. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of black pepper fruit aqueous extract on non-pregnant rat uterus contractions and the mechanism(s) of its action. to prepare the extract, b...

We have examined the effects of bile duct ligation on vascular and extravascular smooth muscle responsiveness to noradrenaline and tyramine using isolated rat hindlimb perfusion, and portal vein and vas deferens preparations. Bile duct ligation reduced the contractile responses to noradrenaline of vascular and extravascular smooth muscle. Exposure of smooth muscle to some bile salts caused a re...

Zataria multiflora Boiss. is used in Iranian traditional medicine to treat gastrointestinal disorders and menrrhalgia. The inhibitory effect of this herb on rat ileum contractions is also reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Zataria multiflora Boiss. hydroalcoholic leaf extract (ZHLE) on isolated rat uterus in presence of some known uterus stimulants. Pieces of virgi...

hydroalcoholic extract of pycnocycla spinosa is a relaxant of rat ileum and inhibits diarrhea in mice. as p. spinosa extract has spasmolytic activity on ileum, it could also affect other smooth muscles like bladder. therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of p. spinosa extract on rat bladder contraction. in an in vitro study, the effects of p. spinosa extract, nifedipine an...

Droperidol has been reported to cause bronchodilatation but its mechanism(s) of action is unknown. We have evaluated the spasmolytic effect of droperidol on histamine- and serotonin (5-HT)-induced bronchoconstriction in dogs. Bronchial cross-sectional area was assessed with a superfine fibreoptic bronchoscope. Twenty-eight mongrel dogs were allocated randomly to one of two groups (histamine and...

Seven new compounds have been synthetized in satisfactory yields (51-78 %) through the treatment of mesoionic 1,3-thiazolium-5-thiolate (4a-d) and 1,3,4-thiadiazolium- 5-thiolate (10a,b) with chloroacetic acid or methyl iodide: 1,3,4-thiadiazolium-5-methylthio- (11) and 5-thioacetate (12). The structure of the title compounds was elucidated by elemental analysis, IR, (1)H and (13)C NMR spectros...

Cymbopogon citratus, commonly known as lemongrass, has been shown to have antioxidant, antimicrobial and chemo-protective properties. Citral, a monoterpenoid, is the major constituent of C. citratus that gives off a lemony scent and is postulated to be responsible for most of its actions. In addition, C. citratus has been traditionally used to treat gastrointestinal discomforts, however, the sc...