Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in breast cancer allows for a more thorough pathologic assessment with serial sectioning and cytokeratin staining. This has resulted in increased detection of micrometastatic disease (tumor size < 2 mm) in the SLN. Unfortunately, the value of completion axillary dissection after finding micrometastatic disease in the SLN remains poorly defined. Over a 2-year per...

Breast carcinoma is one of the most common tumors in women. The immune microenvironment, especially T cell infiltration, related to occurrence and prognosis breast carcinoma. This study investigated gene expression patterns associated with tumor-infiltrating CD4+ CD8+ cells invasive carcinomas. data corresponding clinical phenotype from Cancer Genome Atlas Invasive Carcinoma (TCGA-BRCA) were do...

Infiltrating ductal carcinoma is the most common form of invasive breast cancer. It accounts for 80% of all types of breast cancer. We report an unusual presentation of histologically proven case of infiltrating ductal carcinoma of breast presented clinically as a small palpable areolar dermal lesion. Well defined hypoechoic cystic lesion in areolar dermis was present on ultrasound with a negat...

A 50 year old woman with a history of infiltrating lobular breast carcinoma presented with back pain. Bone scan and magnetic resonance imaging were not conclusive. A bone marrow aspirate appeared normal. A routine trephine biopsy specimen showed granulomas but no obvious infiltration by carcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining with epithelial markers demonstrated carcinoma cells in the trephine ...

Female breast cancer is one of the leading causes of female mortality worldwide. In Malaysia, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women. Of the women in Malaysia, the Chinese have the highest number of breast cancer cases, followed by the Indian and the Malay. The most common type of breast cancer is infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC). A proteomic approach was applied in thi...

Background Several recent studies have now firmly established a link between the immune infiltrate in several human carcinoma types and prognosis and/or response to therapy. Correspondingly, increasing evidence suggests that the number, type, and location of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in primary tumors harbor prognostic value, and this has led to the development of a “tumor immunoscore/immu...

Age and Nature of Growth. Although the pathology of bladder growths is. a complicated subject it may be said that there exists a complete gradation from the perfectly innocent single pedunculated papilloma to the very malignant infiltrating carcinoma. In between these two extremes we have growths which are difficult to place either amongst the benign or amongst the malignant, not only' clinical...

A 36 year old pregnant woman was admitted to hospital complaining of an enlarging mass in her left breast. Histopathological examination of the mastectomy specimen revealed a high grade infiltrating ductal adenocarcinoma intermixed with a lactating adenoma. Lactating adenomas are rare entities but are the most common masses that occur during pregnancy. Although they are not thought to carry an ...

A 47-year-old Caucasian female was admitted to the hospital with a suspicious lesion in the right lower lobe of the lung. At frozen tissue sections a malignant tumour was found which, after special stains and immunohistochemical investigations, was diagnosed as lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and metastasis of a nasopharygeal carcinoma could be excluded by immunohistoch...