In this paper security constrained unit commitment (SCUC) is employed for simultaneous clearing of energy and reserve markets. Spinning reserve of production units and interruptible loads (IL) are used as system operation reserve. Some restrictions on the use of interruptible loads, such as maximum load curtailed, maximum curtailment hour in a day, maximum length of each curtailment are also co...

In this paper, a stochastic two-stage model is offered for optimization of the day-ahead scheduling of the microgrid. System uncertainties including dispatchable distributed generation and energy storage contingencies are considered in the stochastic model. For handling uncertainties, Monte Carlo simulation is employed for generation several scenarios and then a reduction method is used to decr...

In this paper, Object-Oriented Modelling and Simulation (OOMS) is applied to a typical industrial problem, namely Primary Spinning Reserve scheduling in a Combined Cycle Power Plant. This allowed to optimise the control system so as to comply with the Network Code requirements in the presence of dynamic constraints posed by the plant main machineries. A simulation model of the plant was written...

This paper presents a hybrid particle swarm optimization based genetic algorithm and hybrid particle swarm optimization based evolutionary programming for solving long-term generation maintenance scheduling problem. In power system, maintenance scheduling is being done upon the technical requirements of power plants and preserving the grid reliability. The objective function is to sell electric...

Reserve requirements have traditionally been viewed as a key instrument of monetary policy. Indeed, textbook discussions of monetary policy typically center on the role of reserve requirements in determining the size of the money multiplier and the magnitude of bank credit expansion. In recent years, however, there has been a significant decline in the use of reserve requirements in the United ...

Reserve requirements have been part of the regulator)' apparatus of banking in the United States for more than a century and a half. No matter what their original purpose may have been, maintaining the burden of reserve requirements needs a contemporary rationale that can justify the problems they create. The problems attributed to reserve requirements are woven into the fabric of financial mar...