Traumatic and/or surgical injury as well as hemorrhage induces profound suppression of cellular immunity. Although local anesthetics have been shown to impair immune responses, it remains unclear whether lidocaine affects lymphocyte functions following trauma-hemorrhage (T-H). We hypothesized that lidocaine will potentiate the suppression of lymphocyte functions after T-H. To test this, we rand...

Spleen cells from random-bred chickens bearing Rous sarcomas were commonly more reactive against the neoplastic target cells in autochthonous than in allogenic interactions in vitro. This difference was observed both in cytotoxic assays ((51)Cr release from labeled target cells) and in an immunoadherence test measuring attachment of (51)Cr-labeled splenocytes to Rous sarcoma cells. Specific spl...

Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAEC) have stem cell-like features and immunomodulatory properties. Here we show that hAEC significantly suppressed splenocyte proliferation in vitro and potently attenuated a mouse model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Central nervous system (CNS) CD3(+) T cell and F4/80(+) monocyte/macrophage infiltration and demyelination were significantly reduced with hAEC trea...

This study assessed the long-term effects of dietary vaccenic acid (VA) and elaidic acid (EA) on plasma and splenocyte phospholipid (PL) composition and related changes in inflammation and splenocyte phenotypes and cytokine responses in obese/insulin resistant JCR:LA-cp rats. Relative to lean control (Ctl), obese Ctl rats had higher serum haptoglobin and impaired T-cell-stimulated cytokine resp...

To investigate the role of signal transducer and transcriptional activator 5 (STAT5) activated in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced splenocyte proliferation of asthma mice, an asthma mouse model was set up by intraperitoneal injection and aspiration of OVA with nebulizer. The proliferation of splenocytes isolated from the asthma mice was detected by [3H] thymidine incorporation. The phosphorylation of ST...

In order to compare delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) among different exposure sites, we evaluated the sensitization potency of mercuric chloride (HgCl(2)) via exposure to the skin, or oral or esophageal mucosa using the mouse ear swelling test. Furthermore, we investigated in vitro splenocyte proliferation reaction and cytokine profile in HgCl(2)-exposed and control mice. Sensitization with ...

The adjuvant activity of Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa) saponins on the humoral and cellular immune responses of mice subcutaneously immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) was evaluated. Two quinoa saponin fractions were obtained, FQ70 and FQ90, and 10 saponins were determined by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS. Mice were immunized subcutaneously with OVA alone or adjuvanted with Quil A (adjuvant control), FQ70, or FQ90. F...

The present study investigated the effect of treatment with methanolic extracts Yin- and Yang-Chinese tonifying herbs on concanavalin A (Con A)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated splenocyte proliferation (adaptive immunity) natural killer (NK) cell activity (innate in an ex vivo mouse model. results indicated that while most Yin herbal potentiated Con A/LPS-stimulated proliferation, only Yang ...

OBJECTIVE Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) is normally bound to and remains associated with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) when released from damaged cells. We hypothesized that TFAM, bound to mtDNA (or equivalent CpG-enriched DNA), amplifies TNFα release from TLR9-expressing plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) by engaging RAGE. MATERIALS AND METHODS Murine Flt3 ligand-expanded splenocy...