This paper presents an economic theory of squatter settlements in developing countries. It adds to the existing literature by explicitly modeling squatting on government-owned land and presents a unified framework for analysis of issues related to squatting, urban planning and policy. In the model, a squatter-organizer optimally controls squatting so as to forestall eviction. The model highligh...

Purpose: A variation in squatting technique is using arms to actively push the bar up with the upper limbs which is common in bodybuilding. This study aimed to compare the Electromyography (EMG) activity of selected muscles during squat with and without upper limb assistance. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. Fifteen healthy male power lifters (using the convenience sampling method...

Meniscal lesions are common and may contribute to the development of knee arthrosis. A few case-control and cross-sectional studies have identified knee-straining work as risk factors for meniscal lesions, but exposure-response relations and the role of specific exposures are uncertain, and previous results may be sensitive to reporting and selection bias. We examined the relation between menis...

placed during labour at different times, in different regions, and among different races?lying, half-lying or leaning backwards, sitting, squatting, kneeling, standing, hanging, swinging?to which has to be added the leg-hanging position advocated by Walcher. A practitioner may come upon a parturient patient in an unexpected position. Thus Dr A. A. Matheson, when acting as assistant in Pembrokes...

squatting position as though she were in the act of defecation and using the hole as a privy vault. She grasps the stake with both hands. One squaw sits behind with arms elapsed around the patient's abdomen, and another sits at each knee to act as a brace or support. They make 110 examinations, the midwife not being allowed to see the vulva of the patient under any circumstances. When a pain co...

[Purpose] The purposes of this study were first to analyze the multijoint dynamics of downward squatting, and to examine the contribution of interaction torque and muscle torque to net torque, and second, to examine mechanisms of movement control. [Subjects] The subjects were 31 healthy men with a mean age of 21.0 ± 1.2 years (range, 19-24 years). [Methods] Squatting tasks with the trunk in two...

BACKGROUND We wanted to report on stress fracture of the proximal fibula and to suggest the pathomechanism of this fracture. METHODS Between April 2004 through April 2005, the military recruits who complained of leg pain during the 6 weeks basic training in the Republic of Korea Marine Corps education and training group were evaluated according to their clinical manifestations and plain radio...