Leaders need resources to maintain power. To secure these resources, states can develop their own extractive capacity or seek external support help subsidize costs. In this study, we argue that and are not always alternatives. We focus on how US foster local property rights, which subsequently builds capacity. then with more better able either alleviate rebels’ grievances deter rebels from moun...

We compute the capacity of entanglement in bipartite random pure state model using replica method. find exact expression which is valid for a finite dimension Hilbert space. argue that gravitational path integral, receives contributions only from sub-leading saddle points corresponding to partially connected geometries.

The COVID-19 pandemic has constrained the ability of states across world to govern and control their territories. As state reduces its activities, space opens for violent non-state actors working against fill vacuum. Highlighting this trend, present study evaluates effects pandemics more broadly on attacks by actors. Our theory emphasizes incentives both rebels pro-government (PGNs) increase at...