background: sertoli cells play a pivotal role in creating microenvironments essential for spermatogonial stem cells (sscs) self-renewal and commitment to differentiation. maintenance of sscs and or induction of in vitro spermiogenesis may provide a therapeutic strategy to treat male infertility. objective: this study investigated the role of luekemia inhibitory factor (lif) on the propagation o...

an appropriate differentiation of distinct human cd4+ t cell subset is critical for manipulating these cells for using in immunity related diseases. despite various attempts to clarify the role of different factors involved in th17 differentiation, many crucial contradictions yet remained to be optimized. although it has been shown that the differentiation of in-vitro th17 cells culture conditi...

The in vitro process of chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells for tissue engineering has been shown to require three-dimensional culture along with the addition of differentiation factors to the culture medium. In general, this leads to a phenotype lacking some of the cardinal features of native articular chondrocytes and their extracellular matrix. The factors used vary, but r...

cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the united states and europe. in recent years, the understanding that regenerative processes exist at the level of the myocardium, has placed stem cell research at center stage in cardiology. a stem cell is a cell that has the ability to divide (self replicate) for indefinite periods often throughout the life of the ...

background: mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) can be expanded and differentiated into many mature cell types including smooth muscle cells (smcs). in addition to growth factor, cyclic stretch contributes to differentiation of stem cells. mechanical stimuli are critical to morphological changes, development, regeneration, differentiation and pathology of mesenchymal tissues. the aim of this study is...

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular progenitor cells (CPCs) have been cultured on various scaffolds to resolve the challenge of cell retention after transplantation and to improve functional outcome after cell-based cardiac therapy. Previous studies have reported successful culture of fully differentiated cardiomyocytes on scaffolds of various types, and ongoing efforts are focused on optimizing the mix ...

transforming growth factor betas are multifunctional polypeptides in the cytokine superfamily. they have a growth inhibitory role on hemopoietic progenitor cells in semisolid colony assay as well as in long-term bone-marrow culture. tgf - β2 represses stromal cells, stem cell factor gene transcription, and decreases the stability of c-kit transcripts in hemopoietic cells. tgf-β also modulates g...