A generalized simplified model for describing the dynamic behavior of distributed parameter systems is proposed. The various specific characteristics of gain and phase angle of distributed parameter systems are investigated from frequency response formulation and complex plane representation of the proposed simplified model. The complex plane investigation renders some important inequality cons...

We apply the dressing method to a string solution given by a static string wrapped around the equator of a three-sphere and find that the result is the single spike solution recently discussed in the literature. Further application of the method allows the construction of solutions with multiple spikes. In particular we construct the solution describing the scattering of two single spikes and c...

in this paper presents a maximum power point tracking (mppt) technique based on the hill climbing search (hcs) method and fuzzy logic system for wind turbines (wts) including of permanent magnet synchronous generator (pmsg) as generator. in the conventional hcs method the step size is constant, therefor both steady-state response and dynamic response of method cannot provide at the same time an...

The time signals relevant for nonresonant spectral hole burning, a pump-wait-probe method designed to investigate slow relaxation, are calculated. The step-response function following the application of a high amplitude ac field (pump) and an intermediate waiting period is shown to be the sum of the equilibrium integrated response and a modification due to the preparation via ac irradiation. Bo...

A model describing odor causing volatile organic compounds (VOC-odor) transport in a ventilated airspace influenced by heterogeneity of adsorption surface of ambient aerosol and air mixing pattern is proposed and analyzed based on a transfer function modeling technique. In this study an advection–reaction impulse/step response function for VOC-odor is assumed. The system process presented by an...

The simulation of step, impulse and ramp responses of linear continuous-time timeinvariant single-input single-output systems with a pure time delay in the feedback loop is tackled. Contrary to systems without time delay where a conversion from Laplace transform to z transform with a zero-order hold allows for an exact response, delay in the feedback loop requires either an unbounded number of ...

Since the conventional electro-mechanical converter of 2D valve had problems of step lose due to its small tooth-pitch angle, a novel rotary electromagnet with large tooth-pitch angle and coreless rotor structure was proposed. Combined with the approaches of magnetic circuit analysis, finite element simulation and experimental study, the static and dynamic characteristics of electromagnet inclu...

The detectability of planetesimal impacts on imaged exoplanets can be measured using Jupiter during the 1994 comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 events as a proxy. By integrating the whole planet flux with and without impact spots, the effect of the impacts at wavelengths from 2 4 μm is revealed. Jupiter’s reflected light spectrum in the near-infrared is dominated by its methane opacity including a deep ban...

In this paper, a new algorithm to solve the discrete logarithm problem is presented which is similar to the usual baby-step giant-step algorithm. Our algorithm exploits the order of the discrete logarithm in the multiplicative group of a finite field. Using randomization with parallelized collision search, our algorithm indicates some weakness in NIST curves over prime fields which are consider...