Stiff-knee gait is a movement abnormality in which knee flexion during swing phase is significantly diminished. This study investigates the relationships between knee flexion velocity at toe-off, joint moments during swing phase and double support, and improvements in stiff-knee gait following rectus femoris transfer surgery in subjects with cerebral palsy. Forty subjects who underwent a rectus...

The predominant technique for computing the transient distribution of a Continuous Time Markov Chain (CTMC) exploits uniformization, which is known to be stable and efficient for non-stiff to mildly-stiff CTMCs. On stiff CTMCs however, uniformization suffers from severe performance degradation. In this paper, we report on our observations and analysis of an alternative technique using Krylov su...

In contrast to stiff deterministic systems of ordinary differential equations, in general, the implicit Euler method for stiff stochastic differential equations is not effective. This paper introduces a new numerical method for stiff differential equations which consists of interlacing large implicit Euler time steps with a sequence of small explicit Euler time steps. We emphasize that uniform ...

There are many laws stating the behavior of the physical world involves quantities which are changing with respect to another quantities and the mathematical expressions of such laws are differential equations. There are numbers of problems of various fields like science, engineering-technology, social science etc. involves differential equations. The researchers have developed many analytical ...

Recognizing stiff person syndrome is clinically important. It is uncommon, characterized by body stiffness associated with painful muscle spasms, and varies in location and severity. It is subdivided into stiff trunk versus stiff limb presentation, and as a progressive encephalomyelitis. Stiff person-type syndrome also reflects a paraneoplastic picture. Most patients demonstrate exaggerated lum...

OBJECTIVE To investigate systematically the rate and type of phobia in stiff man syndrome and its variants, and to compare patients with stiff man syndrome with and without phobia for sociodemographic and neurological characteristics. METHODS 43 consecutive patients with stiff man syndrome referred to a university department of neurology were assessed using the anxiety disorders interview sch...

Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) are found in about 40% of patients with stiff man syndrome. A new assay involving immunoprecipitation of (125)I-glutamic acid decarboxylase was used to measure anti-GAD antibodies in 18 patients with stiff man syndrome. Of the eight serum samples from patients with stiff man syndrome, that had previously been found positive by immunoprecipitation ...

INTRODUCTION Stiff limb syndrome is a clinical feature of the stiff person syndrome, which is a rare and disabling neurologic disorder characterized by muscle rigidity and episodic spasms that involve axial and limb musculature. It is an autoimmune disorder resulting in a malfunction of aminobutyric acid mediated inhibitory networks in the central nervous system. We describe a patient diagnosed...

We develop the methodology of multi-adaptive time-stepping for stiff problems. The new algorithm is based on adaptively stabilized fixed point iteration on time slabs and a new method for the recursive construction of time slabs. Numerical examples are given for a series of well-known stiff and non-stiff test problems.