A bstract We use holography to study the dynamics of a strongly-coupled gauge theory in four-dimensional de Sitter space with Hubble rate H . The is non-conformal characteristic mass scale M solve Einstein’s equations numerically and determine time evolution homogeneous states. If their initial energy density high compared 4 then early-time well described by viscous hydrodynamics non-zero bulk ...

Abstract Since the invention of laser in 60s, one most fundamental communication channels has been free-space optical channel. For this type channel, a number effects generally need to be considered, including diffraction, refraction, atmospheric extinction, pointing errors and, importantly, turbulence. Because all these adverse features, (FSO) channel is more difficult study than stable fiber-...

Introduction: During the last decades, simulation of radiation therapy treatment conditions in treatment room for studying with more details in comparison with treatment planning system (TPS) is taken into consideration. The most problem with starting these kind of researches is the geometry of Medical linacs and verification of the accelerators. Therefore, researchers tried to...