This paper examines diagrams describing neural network systems in academic conference proceedings. Many aspects of scholarly communication are controlled, particularly with relation to text and formatting, but often not centrally curated beyond a peer review. Using corpus-based approach, we argue that the heterogeneous diagrammatic notations used for has implications signification this domain. ...

algebra. After the first page or so, group theory is not concerned with the features common to all models of the group axioms, but rather with relationships among different models of those axioms, which is to say, different groups, especially those relationships established by certain kinds of functions, called homomorphisms. This makes it difficult even to imagine what a structuralist interpre...

the present article aims to investigate the appropriateness of the concepts introduced by modern sciences of the sign, particularly by structural and poststructural approaches, to studying god-man communication in the quran. such a conception of communication can be described in terms of two models, namely, communication as sending and communication as reading. these two concepts which represen...

I consider the idea of a structure of fundamental physical particles (as described, for example, in quantum theory) being causal. Causation is traditionally thought of as involving relations between entities—objects or events—that cause and are affected. On structuralist interpretations, however, it is unclear whether or how precisely fundamental particles can be causally efficacious. On some i...

In this article, I attempt to address some enduring problems in formulation and practical use of the notion of structure in contemporary social science. I begin by revisiting the question of the fidelity of Anthony Giddens’ appropriation of the idea of structure with respect to Levi-Strauss. This requires a reconsideration of Levi-Strauss’ original conceptualization of “social structure” which ...

The quality and thus the validation of conceptual models are of high economic importance. However, only little empirical work has focused on their evaluation so far. This raises the question whether a holistic approach to determining the quality of conceptual models is available yet. In order to describe the current state of research and to expose the so far neglected research fields we develop...

Systems thinking, understood in a broad sense, encompasses so-called 'hard systems' techniques that include the dynamic simulation of linear and non-linear systems (of differential and difference equations), and stochastic optimal control and filtering theory. The latter provides the quantitative and theoretical core of finance theory (asset and option pricing, portfolio management, risk manage...