We have studied the influence of two different speeds of injection on the spread of spinal anaesthesia of bupivacaine in 40 orthopaedic patients. In a random order, 0.5% plain bupivacaine 3 ml was administered in 10 or 180 s into the subarachnoid space using a 27-gauge needle with the patients in a lateral horizontal position. The slower speed produced a higher spread of spinal anaesthesia (med...

Spinal cord and spinal dural blood flow in the cervical, thoracic and lumbosacral regions were measured in dogs using the radioactive microsphere technique. Measurements were taken before and 20 and 40 minutes after lumbar subarachnoid injection of one of the following: physiologic saline; tetracaine 20 mg or tetracaine 20 mg with epinephrine 200 micrograms. No significant change in spinal cord...

(I) Experimental Hydrocephaius: Repeated injections of autogenous blood components into the cisterna magna were given to adult rabbits. Only the whole blood, if injected more than three times, could cause the ventricular dilatation. Hydrocephalus was not produced in animals which received repeated injections of washed red blood cells, plasma or hemolysed red blood cells. However, the breakdown ...

Although cerebral hypoperfusion caused by cerebral occlusive disease leads to cerebral ischemic events, an effective treatment has not yet been established. Recently, a novel therapeutic strategy for ischemic disease using angiogenic growth factors to expedite and/or augment collateral artery development has been proposed. Therapeutic angiogenesis might be useful for the treatment of cerebral o...

BACKGROUND Following carotid revascularization, an abrupt increase in cerebral blood flow may disrupt the blood-brain barrier, resulting in reperfusion injury. This damage to the blood-brain barrier may be reflected by subarachnoid enhancement on FLAIR MRI after gadolinium injection. CASE PRESENTATION The authors present two cases of post-carotid stenting reperfusion injury that showed hyperi...

A novel, localized method for potential delivery of therapeutic agents to the injured spinal cord was investigated. The strategy consists of a polymeric drug solution that gels after injection into the subarachnoid space (SAS). By dispersing therapeutic agents in the polymeric solution, a method is provided for localized delivery to the spinal cord. To determine whether intrathecal injection of...

To the Editor: The insertion of an epidural for pain relief in labour was complicated by a dural puncture. During the subsequent infusion the patient complained of numbness over her face. There was no accompanying tinnitus or circumoral numbness and pulse and blood pressure remained within normal limits. On examination an area of numbness, to pain and cold, was confined to the bilateral distrib...