The magnetic properties of monoatomic Co wires supported on the Pd~110! substrate have been studied using a self-consistent spd-tight-binding model with parameters fitted to ab initio tight-binding linear muffintin orbital results for the ideal Co monolayer deposited on the same substrate. The geometrical structure of the system is based on recent scanning tunneling microscopy experiments for C...

The number of ions required to drive substrate transport through a secondary active transporter determines the protein's ability to create a substrate gradient, a feature essential to its physiological function, and places fundamental constraints on the transporter's mechanism. Stoichiometry is known for a wide array of mammalian transporters, but, due to a lack of readily available tools, not ...

A compact and sharp rejection UWB microstrip bandpass filter is developed using left handed metamaterials. For realizing a backward-wave propagation medium, two split ring resonator (CSRR) in the back substrate side and also one series capacitor etched in the host line, are used to produce a negative effective ε and μ, simultaneously. Moreover, in the proposed structure, two doublets parallel c...

An efficient optical fiber-to-waveguide coupling technique is described, using a novel transcision cut, alignment ways, and D-shaped fibers. Fiber-to-waveguide coupling efficiencies as high as 96% have been achieved with multimode graded-index fibers and ridge polymer optical waveguides. Advantages of using this new coupling technique include ease of fiber-to-waveguide alignment interior to the...

We report the fabrication and experimental characterization of an ultra-high Q microdisk resonator in a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. We examine the role of the substrate in the performance of such microdisk resonators. While substrate leakage loss has warranted the necessity of substrate undercut structures in the past, we show here that the substrate has a very useful role to play for ...

As one of the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective method, anaerobic digestion (AD) has been widely studied and developed as a conventional technology to degrade biodegradable materials and produce biogas simultaneously. Various substrate sources are used in this process such as organic fraction of municipal solid waste (MSW), waste activated sludge (WAS), animal manures, agro-indus...

Myxococcus xanthus is a model organism for studying bacterial social behaviors due to its ability to form complex multi-cellular structures. Knowledge of M. xanthus surface gliding motility and the mechanisms that coordinated it are critically important to our understanding of collective cell behaviors. Although the mechanism of gliding motility is still under investigation, recent experiments ...

From accumulating studies of hexameric helicases, a mechano-chemical coupling mechanism has emerged which postulates that the nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) hydrolysis is sequentially coordinated together with the binding and translocation of nucleic acid substrate. Various mechano-chemical models have been proposed for different hexameric helicases with no consensus for a common mechanism. To e...