Xylitol, a sugar substitute used in sugar-free gum, oral care products, and baked goods, is gaining popularity in the United States. Xylitol consumption is considered harmless to people but is known to cause life-threatening toxicoses in dogs. Dogs that ingest doses of >0.1 g/kg of xylitol are at risk for developing hypoglycemia, while dogs that ingest >0.5 g/kg may develop acute liver failure....

Aspartame (APM) is a widely used artificial sweetener consumed by hundreds of millions of people around the world . It is found in more than 6,000 products, including soft drinks, chewing gum, candy, yoghurt, tabletop sweeteners and some pharmaceuticals such as vitamins and sugar-free cough drops. Dietary surveys, performed among APM consumers, have shown that the average APM daily intake in th...

EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA); Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to sugar-free chewing gum sweetened with xylitol and plaque acid neutralisation (ID 485), maintenance of tooth mineralisation (ID 486, 562, 1181), reduction of dental plaque (ID 485, 3085), and defence against pathogens in the middle ear (ID 561, 1180) pursuant to Ar...

Paralytic ileus after abdominal surgery causes abdominal distention, pain, accumulation of gas, nausea and vomiting. Chewing gum can increase bowel movements and reduce the transient period of paralysis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of gum chewing in the reduction of paralytic ileus following cholecystectomy. This interventional study was conducted on 40 patients underg...

Salivary assays are increasingly prevalent in behavioral research, and chewing gum is a widely used sialogogue. Methodological investigations into sialogogues have provided mixed results, and few of these have incorporated multiple analytes, gums, and genders. To test effects of gum on salivary testosterone (T), estradiol (E), and immunoglobulin A (IgA) assays, participants (86 women; 91 men) p...

BACKGROUND Chewing gum may stimulate gastrointestinal motility, with beneficial effects on postoperative ileus suggested in small studies. The primary aim of this trial was to determine whether chewing gum reduces length of hospital stay (LOS) after colorectal resection. Secondary aims included examining bowel habit symptoms, complications and healthcare costs. METHODS This clinical trial all...

-----------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT----------------------------------------------------Xanthan gum is a natural polysaccharide having an industrial importance. It is commonly called as heteropolysaccharide which is produced by Xanthomonas campestris. In the present investigation Xanthan gum fermentation by local isolates of Xanthomonas campestris NRRL-B-1449 from sugar...

For evaluating N(2) fixation of diazotrophic bacteria, nitrogen-poor liquid media supplemented with at least 0.5% sugar and 0.2% agar are widely used for acetylene reduction assays. In such a soft gel medium, however, many N(2)-fixing soil bacteria generally show only trace acetylene reduction activity. Here, we report that use of a N(2) fixation medium solidified with gellan gum instead of aga...

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect adding various types polysaccharides (CMC, xanthan gum, pectin, agar) and percentage (0.5% 1%) on characteristics cucumber sorbet with a low proportion sugar. This uses Randomized Block Design (RBD) eight treatments three replications. results show that interaction between significantly affects value brightness (L) yellowness (b+) sorbet. Bas...

The aim of the present study was to determine the remineralization effects of xylitol chewing gum containing funoran and calcium hydrogenphosphate on enamel subsurface lesions in humans. The study was a double-blind, randomized, cross-over design, with 4 types of gum: (1) xylitol gum, (2) xylitol gum containing funoran and calcium hydrogenphosphate, (3) sugar gum, and (4) gum base as a control....