The propensity of certain chemicals and drugs to induce hemolytic anemias has been a subject of much interest for almost a century (1-4). The majority of substances so active are aromatic compounds containing amino-, nitro-, or hydroxy groups, although a number of inorganic compounds (e.g., hydroxylamines, nitrates, nitrites and chlorates) are also active (1-4). Such compounds usually cause red...

Evidence is presented that the activity of the hexose monophosphate (HMP) pathway of red cells, assayed by r4C02 production from glucose-lJ4C, is regulated primarily by glutathione. Methemoglobin had little, if any, effect on the activity of this pathway. Increasing the ratio of oxidized to reduced glutathione, either by peroxidizing GSH to GSSG or by partially blocking GSH with NEM, increased ...

In a preceding report (1) it was shown that those redox compounds that cause Heinz body anemias in vivo produce a sequence of changes in vitro in solutions of crystalline hemoglobin culminating in the precipitation of hemoglobin as spherical granules. These granules appear to be identical with Heinz bodies. The sequence of changes produced in hemoglobin by these compounds includes: 1) the forma...

著 明 な 脳 室 拡 大(水 頭 症)を 認 め た が,髄 液 は,圧,そ の 他,正 常 範 囲 に あ つ た.溶 血 液 の 分 光 学 的 検 査 で,618~620mμ に特 有な 吸 収 極 大 を 有 す る病 的hemoglobinを 含 ん で い る こ とが わ か つ た. CNを 加 え て も変 化 せ ず,methemoglobinと は 異 なつ て い る.そ の 他 の 試 薬 に 対す る態 度 か ら,こ の 病 的 誘 導 体 がsulfhemoglobinで あ る こ とが わ か つ た.Evelyn & Manoy法 に よる 定 量 で2.35g/dl (全Hbの16%)を 含ん で い た.Hbの 電 気 泳 動 で は 異 常Hb(Hb-M)は 検 出 され な かつ た.網 赤 血 球, 赤 血 球 抵 抗,Heinz b...

The tested hypothesis points out that exposure to environmental toxic substances originating from coal or other fossil fuels burning is the most decisive for the impacts of the metabolic synergy of nitrogen oxides as oxidants that cause hemoglobin oxidation to methemoglobin, and sulphur dioxide metabolites as inhibitors of antioxidants, in the bloodstream throughout the period of pregnancy. The...

BACKGROUND This case conference reviews laboratory methods for assessing oxygenation status: arterial blood gases, pulse oximetry, and CO-oximetry. Caveats of these measurements are discussed in the context of two methemoglobinemia cases. CASES Case 1 is a woman who presented with increased shortness of breath, productive cough, chest pain, nausea, fever, and cyanosis. CO-oximetry indicated a...

Evidence is presented that the activity of the hexose monophosphate (HMP) pathway of red cells, assayed by r4C02 production from glucose-lJ4C, is regulated primarily by glutathione. Methemoglobin had little, if any, effect on the activity of this pathway. Increasing the ratio of oxidized to reduced glutathione, either by peroxidizing GSH to GSSG or by partially blocking GSH with NEM, increased ...

CAN J ANESTH 55: 2 www.cja-jca.org February, 2008 A 60-yr-old lady with HbM Saskatoon and congenital methemoglobinemia was scheduled for mastectomy. Clinical examination confirmed cyanosis but she had no symptoms due to methemoglobinemia and no history suggestive of cardiac or respiratory problems. Her electrocardiogram was normal and arterial blood gas (ABG) values on room air were: pH = 7.52,...

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is enzymatically generated in mammalian tissues from either L-cysteine or L-homocysteine. H2S possesses multiple biological activities, including regulation of vascular tone and blood pressure. Hydrogen sulfide produced in endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and perivascular adipose tissue dilates blood vessels by activating ATP-sensitive potassium channels. ...