Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) is a persistent and ubiquitous environmental contaminant that has been detected in organisms worldwide. Here, we evaluate whether long-term (1 and 4 months) exposure to PFOS contamination affects the behavioural performance of freshwater larvae of the damselfly Enallagma cyathigerum (Insecta: Odonata). Our results show reduced behavioural performance with in...

We report a novel inkless soft lithographic fabrication protocol that permits uniform parallel patterning of hydrogen-terminated silicon surfaces using catalytic elastomeric stamps. Pattern transfer is achieved catalytically via reaction between sulfonic acid moieties covalently bound to an elastomeric stamp and a Boc-functionalized SAM grafted to passivated silicon. The approach represents the...

Mixed anhydrides of phosphorus sulfonic acids RR'P(O)OSOzR" 1 are of interest in the biological transfer of sulfates'. In the chemical synthesis of oligonucleotides, phosphoric sulfonic anhydrides 1 (R', R = nucleoside) are postulated as important and reactive intermediatesw-s-. Anhydrides 1 were also suggested as intermediates in biooxidation of thiolophosphates'. Structural analogues of anhyd...

Inexpensive and readily available sulfonic acids, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and sulfuric acid are versatile and efficient catalysts for the peracetylation of a broad spectrum of carbohydrate substrates in good yield and in a practical time frame. Three appealing features in sulfonic acid-catalyzed acetylation of free sugars were explored including (1) suppression of furanosyl acetate formation fo...