Thelytokous Wolbachia -infected Trichogramma species have long been considered as biological control agents against lepidopteran pests in agriculture and forestry. has suggested to increase the probability of superparasitism , but fate infected offspring superparasitised host is still unknown. The present study aimed evaluate fitness thelytokous (TDW) bisexual -free (TD) dendrolimi Matsumura (H...

abstract competition is a phenomenon that influences the size, structure and stability of insect communities, particularly on solitary endoparasitoids species. although, competition normally incurs costs, it might be adaptive for the surviving individual. to determine which factors affect the patch use strategy of foragers under competition, the effect of previous experience with hosts already-...

The seed parasite Callosobruchus maculatus generally disperses eggs uniformly among seeds. We used cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) of two class sizes (large and small) to test predictions based on a simple resource threshold model that females will distribute eggs among seeds in a manner that maximizes the amount of resources allocated to each offspring. When females were presented with multiple se...