The temperature induced melting transition of a self-complementary DNA strand covalently attached at the 5' end to the surface of a gold interdigitated microelectrode (GIME) was monitored in a novel, label-free, manner. The structural state of the hairpin was assessed by measuring four different electronic properties of the GIME (capacitance, impedance, dissipation factor and phase angle) as a ...

UV absorbance measurements in microplates became possible only five years ago when Molecular Devices (Sunnyvale, CA, USA) introduced the SPECTRAmax 250, the first UV-Visible microplate spectrophotometer. Microplates have since become very popular for making UV measurements of DNA, RNA and protein concentrations because of their higher throughput compared to traditional cuvettes. Despite their ...

Slab optical waveguide (SOWG) spectroscopy was used to observe the adsorption behavior of three important heme proteins, namely cytochrome c, myoglobin and hemoglobin, in a quartz surface. Using prism-coupled polychromatic visible light propagated into a quartz waveguide by internal total reflection, the real-time monitoring of evanescent wave absorption revealed a strong dependence of the prot...

We describe a new mode of optical lithography called absorbance-modulation optical lithography (AMOL) in which a thin film of photochromic material is placed on top of a conventional photoresist and illuminated simultaneously by a focal spot of wavelength lambda1 and a ring-shaped illumination of wavelength lambda2. The lambda1 radiation converts the photochromic material from an opaque to a tr...

Sulfur-containing amino acids play important roles in good flavor generation in Maillard reaction of non-enzymatic browning, so aqueous model systems of glucosamine and cysteine were studied to investigate the effects of reaction temperature, initial pH, reaction time, and concentration ratio of glucosamine and cysteine. Response surface methodology was applied to optimize the independent react...

in this study , response surface methodology and face central composite design in order to investigate decolorization and clarification extraction of kaluteh date was used for the production of liquid sugar. the optimum amount of bentonite ( 1-3 g/l ) and gelatin ( 0/02-0/08 g/l ) was determined that the desired amount of bentonite and gelatin , 3 and 0/05 ( g/l ) , respectively. to determined ...

Interaction of Chrysosporium sps. and Aspergillus sps. with aqueous AgNO3 was investigated for synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Biological reduction and extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles in 28 hour at 270C and pH 5.6 was done. The nanometallic dispersion was characterized by surface plasmon absorbance measuring at 424 – 530 nm for Ag nanop...

Our long-term research goal is to ascertain the nature and magnitude of optical effects (absorbance / fluorescence / scattering) in surface seawaters associated with the production and cycling of marine colloidal organic matter. We are particularly interested in determining how these effects are driven or modulated by the productivity dynamics of phytoplankton and marine heterotrophic bacteria ...

PURPOSE The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the adhesion of initial colonizer, Streptococcus sanguis, on resin, titanium and zirconia under the same surface polishing condition. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimens were prepared from Z-250, cp-Ti and 3Y-TZP and polished with 1 µm diamond paste. After coating with saliva, each specimen was incubated with Streptococcus sanguis. Scannin...