In this study the "green chemistry" use of the biosurfactant surfactin for the synthesis of calcium phosphate using the reverse microemulsion technique was demonstrated. Calcium phosphates are bioactive materials that are a major constituent of human teeth and bone tissue. A reverse microemulsion technique with surfactin was used to produce nanocrystalline brushite particles. Structural diversi...

in ComX production, and a small fraction of the population responded to ComX by producing surfactin. Furthermore, expression of the matrix protein operon was observed only in a subpopulation of cells. Importantly, however, surfactin-producing and matrix-producing cells were found as distinct populations, an observation that was confirmed by direct microscopy. Thus, Lopez et al. [1] concluded th...

The nucleotide sequence of the 20,535 base pairs of the 5' end of the srfA operon, containing the region required for competence development, was determined. This included the srfA promoter region, the first open reading frame, srfAA, encoding surfactin synthetase I and part of the second open reading frame, srfAB, encoding surfactin synthetase II. Three amino acid-activating domains characteri...

By gel filtration of a crude extract of Bacillus subtilis ATCC 21332 and OKB 105, the multienzyme system that forms the lipoheptapeptide surfactin was separated into three enzyme fractions, E1, E2, and E3. E1, which appeared near the exclusion limit of the column, activates all amino acid components of surfactin as aminoacyladenylates and thioesters according to the thioester mechanism. In addi...

A total of 100 environmental samples were investigated for their ability to degrade 1 g/L surfactin as a substrate. Among them, two enrichment cultures, which exhibited microbial growth well degradation, selected and further investigated. After several successive cultivations, nanopore sequencing full-length 16S rRNA genes with MinIONTM was used analyze the bacterial species in cultures. Variov...

Surfactants are good candidates as selectors in mixed-mode reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC)/hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) because they contain both a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic moiety. Surfactin, a cyclic heptapeptide, is an efficient biosurfactant produced by Bacillus subtilis that comprises seven amino acids and a β-hydroxyl fatty acid. A surfactin-modifi...

The dynamics of surfactin, a lipopeptide surfactant from Bacillus subtilis, has been studied by molecular dynamics at different interfacial concentrations in a water-hexane medium reproducing a hydrophilic/hydrophobic biphasic system. The shapes and orientations of surfactin molecules, as hydrogen bonds and Ramachandran angles, have been recorded to investigate the environment effect on the mol...

Surfactin is a lipoheptapeptide produced by several Bacillus species and identified for the first time in 1969. At first, biosynthesis of this remarkable biosurfactant was described review. The peptide moiety surfactin synthesized using huge multienzymatic proteins called NonRibosomal Peptide Synthetases. This mechanism responsible biodiversity members family. In addition, on fatty acid side, f...

Several products of industrial interest are produced by Bacillus, including enzymes, antibiotics, amino acids, insecticides, biosurfactants and bacteriocins. This study aimed to investigate the potential of two bacterial isolates (P5 and C3) from puba, a regional fermentation product from cassava, to produce multiple substances with antimicrobial and surface active properties. Phylogenetic anal...

Bacillus species produce extracellular, surface-active lipopeptides such as surfactin that have wide applications in industry and medicine. The steps involved in the synthesis of 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A (CoA) substrates needed for surfactin biosynthesis are not understood. Cell-free extracts of Bacillus subtilis strain OKB105 synthesized lipopeptide biosurfactants in presence of l-amino acids,...