1540-7977/08/$25.00©2008 IEEE 48 ieee power & energy magazine november/december 2008 THE EXISTING ELECTRICITY INFRASTRUCTURE EVOLVED TO ITS TECHNOLOGY composition today from the convolution of several major forces, only one of which was technologically based. Today opportunities and challenges persist in world-wide electric power networks, including reducing transmission congestion, increasing ...

There is a growing concern over continuous reliance of our economic and energy systems on conventional electricity sources and their long-term environmental, climate change, and security of supply implications. At the same time, much hope and belief is vested in the ability of future technological progress to tackles these issues. However, informed academic analysis and policy debates on the fu...

The United Nations agenda for sustainable development by the year 2030 proposes 17 sustainable development goals which include access to affordable, reliable and clean energy, sustained economic growth with full productive employment and, urgent action to mitigate environmental degradation. Planning for sustainable development requires integrating conflicting criteria on economy, energy, enviro...

The identification, design and implementation of “sustainable energy systems” is a key element towards successfully approaching “sustainable development.” SESAMS seeks to develop the fundamental strategic analytic capabilities necessary to identify the sustainable production and use of electricity over the next several decades, primarily via the integration of existing and innovative models and...

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the purpose of this article was to plan development al strategies for sabzevar based on the sustainable development theory. the method of research has been descriptive and most of the data used in the study were secondary (documentations) which were then analyzed using delphi and swot models with a strategic approach. documentation and qualitative research methods such as deep interview and ind...

Balancing groundwater depletion, socioeconomic development and food security in Saudi Arabia will require policy that promotes expansion of unconventional freshwater supply options, such as wastewater recycling and desalination. As these processes consume more electricity than conventional freshwater supply technologies, Saudi Arabia's electricity system is vulnerable to groundwater conservatio...

Sustainable development (SD) requires companies to take into account both the social and environmental consequences within their activities. This paper presents research about green supply chain management and highlight the differences between green supply chain and traditional supply chain management. Then, the paper analyses the sources of the risk in green supply chain according to the SD. S...

In many cases grid extension is often highly costly and unlikely to happen – even in the mediumto long-term. In these scenarios, mini-grids (MG) could provide an ideal intermediary solution, especially for small towns or large villages where enough electricity can be generated to power household use, as well as local businesses. MGs provide centralized electricity generation at local level usin...