Some freshwater (FW) teleosts are capable of acclimating to seawater (SW) when challenged; however, the related energetic and physiological consequences are still unclear. This study was conducted to examine the changes in expression of gill Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase and creatine kinase (CK) in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) as the acute responses to transfer from FW to SW. After 24 h in 25 ppt SW, ...

"Black" pigment gallstones form in sterile gallbladder bile in the presence of excess bilirubin conjugates ("hyperbilirubinbilia") from ineffective erythropoiesis, hemolysis, or induced enterohepatic cycling (EHC) of unconjugated bilirubin. Impaired gallbladder motility is a less well-studied risk factor. We evaluated the spontaneous occurrence of gallstones in adult germfree (GF) and conventio...

In the paper, a concept and an early analysis of an HW/SW architecture designed to prevent the SW from both timing disturbances and interrupt overloads is outlined. The architecture is composed of an FPGA (MCU) used to run the HW (SW) part of an application. Comparing to previous approaches, novelty of the architecture can be seen in the fact it is able to adapt interrupt service rates to the a...

We investigate thermodynamic and structural properties of colloidal dumbbells in the framework provided by the Reference Interaction Site Model (RISM) theory of molecular fluids and Monte Carlo simulations. We consider two different models: in the first one we set identical square-well attractions on the two tangent spheres constituting the molecule (SW-SW model); in the second scheme, one of t...

This article analyses the maturity and applicability of Semantic Web (SW) technologies, providing the cross comparison of the key SW technology segments and the key application areas. Based on the analysis of the W3C collection of Case Studies and Use Cases, the benefits of using semantic technologies are identified. As a result of comprehensive survey of SW tools and technologies and extensive...

Sharp wave-ripple complexes (SW-Rs), a transient form of high-frequency field oscillations observed in the hippocampus, are thought to mediate memory consolidation. They are initiated mainly in hippocampal CA3 area and propagate to the entorhinal cortex through the subiculum; however, little is known about how SW-Rs are initiated and propagate. Here, we used functional multineuronal calcium ima...

Since many years, the contribution of vacancies (V ) and self-interstitials (I ) to silicon (Si) self-diffusion is a matter of debate. Native defects and their interaction among themselves and with foreign atoms influence the processes taking place during device fabrication, starting with the growth of Si single crystals and ending with doping of nanosized electronic devices. Considering this r...

Blood acid-base regulation following exhaustive exercise was investigated in freshwater(FW) and seawater(SW) adapted rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) of the same genetic stock. Following exhaustive exercise at 10°C, both FW and SW trout displayed a mixed respiratory and metabolic blood acidosis. However, in FW trout the acidosis was about double that of SW trout and arterial blood pH took twice ...

AIMS To define the frequency of seeing (FOS) characteristics of the short wavelength (SW) sensitive visual pathway in clinically normal subjects and in diabetic patients with focal SW sensitivity loss. METHODS For clinically normal subjects, FOS was assessed at two retinal locations (4.24 degrees and 9.90 degrees eccentricity) for both white on white (WW) and SW stimulus parameters. Inter-exa...

HW/SW communication mode makes significant impact on HW/SW communication efficiency. Based on the characteristics of the hardware functions, this paper presents an adaptive HW/SW dual communication mode according to the traffic between the hardware and software, and builds an adaptive decision algorithm to choose HW/SW communication mode. The algorithm combining the simulated annealing and chai...