Absence epilepsy is a generalized form of epilepsy where spike-wave discharges (SWDs) involve both hemispheres of the brain and thereby alter consciousness. Recent evidence by Meeren et al (2002) in the WAG/Rij rat model of absence epilepsy points to a cortical focus of SWDs before rapid generalization of the SWDs. This focus belongs in the peri-oral area of the somatosensory cortex, and it was...

 Introduction: Ciprofloxacin which was used in this study is a Fluoroquinolone (FQ). This kind of drug may cause epileptic seizures probably because of the inhibition of GABA binding to its receptors. Wag/Rij rats (an animal model for generalized absence epilepsy), were used as experimental subjects. Methods: For EEG study, electrodes were inserted into the cortex of animals according to pax...

Following the implementation of 2018’s laws on rights persons with disabilities (PWDs) in Egypt, students (SWDs) have both legal and moral to meaningful learning opportunities inclusive education. Despite that, SWDs still very limited education resources which limit their career aspirations quality life. In this respect, whether as part formal or lifelong is central museum’s mission. Museums, n...

Succeeding at university can be a complex matter, and the barriers are manifold for students with disabilities (SwDs). Accommodations available those needs, but these alone do not meet political goals of inclusive educations. Student ambassadors act as experienced representatives on campuses, supporting others gaining individual benefits themselves. Approaches building SwDs’ experiences capacit...

The systemic injection of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) elicits spike and wave discharges (SWDs), the EEG hallmark of absence seizures, and represents a well established, widely used pharmacological model of this nonconvulsive epilepsy. Despite this experimental use of GHB, as well as its therapeutic use in narcolepsy and its increasing abuse, however, the precise cellular mechanisms underlyi...

UNLABELLED Ovarian hormones play an important role in the regulation of absence seizures in patients as well as in animal models. The present study examined whether chronic progesterone exposure would induce tolerance for the occurrence of absence seizures and whether reduction in gonadal steroids (via ovariectomy) would alter the number of basal and stress induced absence seizures in WAG/Rij r...

21 Absence seizures consist of a brief and sudden impairment of consciousness. 22 They are characterized by bilaterally synchronized spike and wave discharges 23 (SWDs), which reflect abnormal oscillations in the thalamocortical loops. Recent 24 studies have suggested that the basal ganglia are involved in generation of the 25 SWDs, but their roles are poorly understood at the molecular and cel...

Absence seizures are characterized by bilaterally synchronous spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs) in the electroencephalogram, which reflect abnormal oscillations in corticothalamic networks. Although it was suggested that basal ganglia could modulate, via their feedback circuits to the cerebral cortex, the occurrence of SWDs, the cellular and network mechanisms underlying such a subcortical contr...

Stress is known to trigger seizures in patients with epilepsy, highlighting the physiological stress response as a possible therapeutic target for epilepsy treatment. Nevertheless, little is currently known about how a genetic predisposition to epilepsy interacts with the stress response to influence seizure outcome. To address this question, we examined the effect of acute stress on seizure ou...

This study was conducted to investigate the quality of groundwater affected due municipal solid waste (MSW) used as a landfill. To assess impacts, 13 samples were collected from dumping sites (SWDS) and safe (SS). Groundwater analyzed for pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC), total hardness (TH), Cl?, Ca+2, K+1, NO?2, NO?3, SO4?2; heavy metals such Pb, Cr, Mn, Cu, Ni, Zn, Cd, Fe; biologi...