An efficient method to calculate tadpole diagrams is proposed. Its capability is demonstrated by analytically evaluating two four-loop tadpole diagrams of current interest in the literature, including their O(ǫ) terms in D = 4 − 2ǫ space-time dimensions.

The extensive computer-aided search applied in Bena et al. (The tadpole problem, 2020) to find the minimal charge sourced by fluxes that stabilize all (flux-stabilizable) moduli of a smooth K3 $$\times $$ compactification uses differential evolutionary algorithms supplemented local searches. We present these detail and show they can also solve our minimization problem for other lattices. Our re...

We present a direct and simple method for the computation of the total scattering matrix of an arbitrary finite noncompact connected quantum graph given its metric structure and local scattering data at each vertex. The method is inspired by the formalism of Reflection-Transmission algebras and quantum field theory on graphs though the results hold independently of this formalism. It yields a s...

Laboratory bioassays using Culex quinquefasciatus larvae evaluated the effect of tadpole shrimp on the persistence of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (B.t.i.) in water collected from the surface of field microcosms. Time elapsed since B.t.i. treatment, as well as presence or absence of soil and tadpole shrimp, affected B.t.i. persistence at the water surface in 15- and 30-cm total depth...

The Xenopus tadpole model offers many advantages for studying the molecular, cellular and network mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders. Essentially every stage of normal neural circuit development, from axon outgrowth and guidance to activity-dependent homeostasis and refinement, has been studied in the frog tadpole, making it an ideal model to determine what happens when any of t...

Lepage and Mackenzie have shown that tadpole renormalization and systematic improvement of lattice perturbation theory can lead to much improved numerical results in lattice gauge theory. It is shown that lattice perturbation theory using the Cayley parametrization of unitary matrices gives a simple analytical approach to tadpole renormalization, and that the Cayley parametrization gives lattic...

A topological index is a numerical measure that characterises the whole structure of graph. Based on vertex degrees, idea an atom-bond connectivity A B C was introduced in chemical graph theory. Later, different versions ABC were crea...

We present preliminary results from our study of the heavy-light spectrum and decay constants. For the heavy quark, we use NRQCD at various masses around and above the b quark mass. For the first time, the heavy quark action and the heavy-light current consistently include corrections at second order in the non-relativistic expansion, as well as the leading finite a corrections. The light quark...

Due to the costs of antipredator behaviour, prey have the ability to finely modulate their response according to the risk they have experienced, and adjust it over different scales of ecological time. Information on which to base their responses can be obtained from direct experience, but also indirectly from nearby conspecifics. In aquatic environments, alarm cues from injured conspecifics are...