1 Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IR Iran 2 Iranian Society for Support of Patients With Infectious Diseases, Tehran, IR Iran 3 Nephrology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran 4 Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, IR Iran Hepat Mon.2012;12(7):463-464. DOI: 10.5812/hepatmo...

Tobacco is a major public health issue. It is estimated that the annual deaths attributable to smoking are approximately 5 million and will double in 2025. Brazil has one of the highest smoking populations in the world (approximately 24 million adult smokers), thus representing an important public health concern. In 2008, we began a pragmatic intervention study aimed at promoting the use of a t...

The development and extension of large cities induced a need for shallow tunnel in soft ground of building areas. Estimation of ground settlement caused by the tunnel excavation is important engineering point. In this paper, prediction of surface subsidence caused by tunneling in one section of seventh line of Tehran subway is considered. On the basis of studied geotechnical conditions of the r...

Based on the complex network theory, we established a topological of Beijing subway under Space L, P, and C. Then, analyzed characteristics each network, proposed global impact indexes (including aggregation coefficient, path length efficiency connectivity coefficient), interline degree centrality near-centrality coefficient intermediate higher value, more obvious effect other lines; sensitivit...

The subway is one of the major passenger transport systems in Seoul, Korea. Over the last 30 years, the subway system has interacted with urban land use. This study aims to describe the subway system evolution and reveal the causal relations with land rent and population distributions in conjunction with the evolution of the subway system. Extensive and rapid expansion of subway networks have i...

In the early twentieth century, New York City’s population, developed land area, and subway network size all increased dramatically. e rapid expansion of the transit system and land development present intriguing questions as to whether land development led subway growth or if subway expansion was a precursor to real estate development. e research described in this article uses Granger causalit...

This paper addresses the problem of time-dependent shortest multimodal path in complex and large urban areas. This problem is one of the important and practical problems in several fields such as transportation, and recently attracts the research focus due to developments in new application areas. An adapted evolutionary algorithm, in which chromosomes with variable lengths and particularly def...

1 Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IR Iran 2 Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, IR Iran 3 Iranian Society for Support of Patients With Infectious Diseases, Tehran, IR Iran 4 Tuberculosis and Pediatric Infectious Research Center (TPIRC), Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IR Iran Hepat Mon.2012;12(7...